Quaternary (2.58 Ma)

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Darstellung und Status

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Rang
chronostratigraphische Periode / geochronologisches System
Gebrauch
Element ist in Gebrauch
Status
gültiger formeller Begriff
Diskussion des Status

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Quaternary (2.58 Ma)
Historische Varianten

Quaternaire (de Serres 1832), Quartaer, Eiszeitalter (Schlüchter & Kelly 2000), Zeitalter des Menschen

Hierarchie und Abfolge

Alter

Alter Top
  • Holozän
Alter Basis
  • Gélasien
Datierungsmethode

The base of the Early Pleistocene (and base of the Quaternary) is defined at the Gauss-Matuyama paleomagnetic reversal, around 2.58 Ma, which also roughly corresponds to the onset of MIS-103.

  • Holocene (11.7 ka)

    Name Origin

    holos = fully, entirely , kaïno = recent

    Rang
    chronostratigraphische Epoche / geochronologische Serie
    Status
    gültiger formeller Begriff
    Kurzbeschreibung

    The Holocene is the most recent geochronologic epoch of the Quaternary, referring to the warm episod that began with the end of the last glacial period.

    Age
    Holozän
    • Meghalayan (4.2 ka)

      Rang
      chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
      Status
      gültiger formeller Begriff
      Kurzbeschreibung

      Last chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.

      Age
      Holozän
    • Subatlantic

      Rang
      Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
      Status
      informeller Begriff
      Kurzbeschreibung
      Current climatic/palynological stage of the European Quaternary (approximate age range: from 2800-2450 calBP = 850-500 BC to present).
      Age
      Holozän
    • Subboreal

      Rang
      Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
      Status
      informeller Begriff
      Kurzbeschreibung
      Palynological stage of the European Quaternary (approximate age range: 5500-2800 calBP).
      Age
      Holozän
    • Northgrippian (8.2 ka)

      Rang
      chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
      Status
      gültiger formeller Begriff
      Kurzbeschreibung

      Middle chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.

      Age
      Holozän
    • Atlantic

      Name Origin
      Warm and moist climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.
      Rang
      Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
      Status
      informeller Begriff
      Kurzbeschreibung
      Palynological stage depicting a climatic optimum in Europe, and characterised by the presence of oak, elm, linden and iva (approximate range: 9000-5500 calBP).
      Age
      Holozän
    • Greenlandian (11.7 ka)

      Rang
      chronostratigraphische Sub-Periode
      Status
      lokaler Begriff (informell)
      Kurzbeschreibung

      First chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.

      Age
      Holozän
    • Boreal

      Name Origin
      Cold climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.
      Rang
      Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
      Status
      informeller Begriff
      Kurzbeschreibung
      Palynological stage of the European Quaternary (approximate age range: 10200-9000 calBP).
      Age
      Holozän
    • Preboreal

      Name Origin
      Transitional climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.
      Rang
      Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
      Status
      informeller Begriff
      Kurzbeschreibung
      Palynological stage of the European Quaternary, at the base of the Holocene (approximate age range: 11650-10200 calBP).
      Age
      Holozän
  • Pleistocene (2.58 Ma)

    Name Origin

    pleistos = le plus , kaïno = récent

    Rang
    chronostratigraphische Epoche / geochronologische Serie
    Status
    gültiger formeller Begriff
    Kurzbeschreibung

    The Pleistocene is the first geochronologic epoch of the Quaternary, starting with the Gelasian age (at the transition from the Pliocene epoch) and ending with an unnamed age at the transition to the Holocene epoch. It is subdivided in three subepochs (Early, Middle and Late Pleistocene).

    Age
    Gélasien
    • Late Pleistocene (129 ka)

      Rang
      chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
      Status
      gültiger formeller Begriff
      Kurzbeschreibung

      The Late Pleistocene is the last geochronologic subepoch of the Pleistocene, comprising only one (unnamed) age. Its base was set at the start of the Eem Interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5e).

      Correlatively, the Late Pleistocene corresponds in Switzerland to the last interglacial–glacial cycle (Gondiswil Interglacial and Birrfeld Glacial).

      • Younger Dryas

        Name Origin

        Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.

        Rang
        Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
        Status
        informeller Begriff
        Kurzbeschreibung
        Cold floral stage at the end of the Late Pleistocene (12900-11500 BP = 11000-9500 av. J.C.).
        Age
        Spätes Pleistozän
      • Allerød

        Name Origin

        Named after the town of Allerød (Denmark).

        Rang
        Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
        Status
        informeller Begriff
        Kurzbeschreibung
        Warmer climatic oscillation of the late glacial Pleistocene (11800-11000 BP = 11400-10730 av. J.C.), identified on the basis of pollen analysis.
        Age
        Spätes Pleistozän
      • Older Dryas

        Name Origin

        Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.

        Rang
        Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
        Status
        informeller Begriff
        Kurzbeschreibung
        (12000-11800 BP = 11590-11400 av. J.C.)
        Age
        Spätes Pleistozän
      • Bølling

        Name Origin
        série de tourbes découvertes au lac Bølling, dans le Jutland central
        Rang
        Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
        Status
        informeller Begriff
        Kurzbeschreibung
        Floral stage (13000-12000 BP = 11720-11590 av. J.C.).
        Age
        Spätes Pleistozän
      • Oldest Dryas

        Name Origin

        Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.

        Rang
        Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
        Status
        informeller Begriff
        Kurzbeschreibung
        Ab ca. 18'000-15'000 BP, je nach Autor.
        Age
        Spätes Pleistozän
      • Eemian

        Name Origin

        Named after the river Eem in the area of the city of Amersfoort (Netherlands).

        Rang
        Chronostratigraphie / Geochronologie
        Status
        informeller Begriff
        Nomenclatorial Remarks
        Riss-Würm interglacial (Alps), Ipswichian (United Kingdom), Mikulin interglacial (Russia), Valdivia interglacial (Chile), Sangamonian (North America)
        Kurzbeschreibung
        Initial palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Late Pleistocene («Tarantian») of NW Europe, roughly corresponding to MIS-5e and to the Riss-Würm Interglacial.
        Age
        Spätes Pleistozän
    • Middle Pleistocene (774 ka)

      Rang
      chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
      Status
      gültiger formeller Begriff
      Kurzbeschreibung

      The Middle Pleistocene is the middle geochronologic subepoch of the Pleistocene, comprising only the Chibanian age. Its base was set at the boundary between the Matuyama and Brunhes magnetostratigraphic epochs.

      In Switzerland the age of the Hochterrasse deposits roughly coincides with the Middle Pleistocene.

      • Chibanian

        Rang
        chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
        Status
        gültiger formeller Begriff
        Kurzbeschreibung

        New stage name for the Middle Pleistocene.

        Age
        Mittleres Pleistozän
      • Saalian

        Name Origin

        Named after the river Saale (Deutschland).

        Rang
        Chronostratigraphie / Geochronologie
        Status
        informeller Begriff
        Kurzbeschreibung
        Terminal substage of the Middle Pleistocene of NW Europe, between Holsteinian and Eemian, characterised by cold climate (culminating in the Alpine region with the Riss glaciation).
        Age
        Mittleres Pleistozän
      • Holsteinian

        Name Origin

        Named after the Holstein region (N Germany).

        Rang
        Chronostratigraphie / Geochronologie
        Status
        informeller Begriff
        Nomenclatorial Remarks
        Hoxnian (United Kingdom), Likhvinian (Russia)
        Kurzbeschreibung
        Palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Middle Pleistocene (Ionian) of NW Europe, corresponding to MIS-11 and to the Mindel-Riss Interglacial.
        Age
        Mittleres Pleistozän
      • Elsterian

        Name Origin

        Named after the river Weisse Elster (E Germany), a tributary of the river Saale.

        Rang
        Chronostratigraphie / Geochronologie
        Status
        informeller Begriff
        Nomenclatorial Remarks
        Anglian (United Kingdom), Okian (Russia)
        Kurzbeschreibung
        Substage of the Middle Pleistocene of NW Europe, corresponding to MIS-12 and characterised by a cold climate (culminating in the Alpine region with the Mindel glaciation).
        Age
        Mittleres Pleistozän
      • Cromerian

        Name Origin

        Named after the East Anglian town of Cromer (UK).

        Rang
        Chronostratigraphie / Geochronologie
        Status
        informeller Begriff
        Kurzbeschreibung
        Initial palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Middle Pleistocene («Ionian») of NW Europe, encompassing several glacial/interglacial cycles under a relatively mild climate (Günz-Mindel Interglacial).
        Age
        Mittleres Pleistozän
    • Early Pleistocene (2.58 Ma)

      Rang
      Chronostratigraphie / Geochronologie
      Kurzbeschreibung

      The Early Pleistocene is the first geochronologic subepoch of the Pleistocene, starting with the Gelasian age (at the transition from the Piacenzian age) and ending with the Calabrian age (at the transition to the Chibanian age). It is characterised by a predominantly reversed polarised paleomagnetic field (Matuyama) and the onset of large glacial fluctuations.

      Age
      Gélasien
      • Calabrian (1.80 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the Calabria region (Italy).

        Rang
        chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
        Status
        gültiger formeller Begriff
        Kurzbeschreibung
        Second substage of the Early Pleistocene.
        Age
        Frühes Pleistozän
        • Sicilian

          Name Origin

          Named after Sicilia (Italia).

          Rang
          chronostratigraphische Sub-Stufe
          Status
          gültig
          Kurzbeschreibung
          Regional substage (= late Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
          Age
          Calabrien
        • Emilian

          Name Origin

          Named after the Emilia region (Italia).

          Rang
          chronostratigraphische Sub-Stufe
          Status
          gültig
          Kurzbeschreibung
          Regional substage (= middle Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
          Age
          Calabrien
        • Santernian

          Rang
          chronostratigraphische Sub-Stufe
          Status
          gültig
          Kurzbeschreibung
          Regional substage (= early Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
          Age
          Calabrien
      • Gelasian (2.58 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the town of Gela (Italia), Sicilia.

        Rang
        chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
        Status
        gültiger formeller Begriff
        Age
        Frühes Pleistozän
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