Quaternary (2.58 Ma)
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- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Periode / geochronologisches System
- Gebrauch
- Element ist in Gebrauch
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Diskussion des Status
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- Quaternary (2.58 Ma)
- Historische Varianten
- Quaternaire (de Serres 1832), Quartaer, Eiszeitalter (Schlüchter & Kelly 2000), Zeitalter des Menschen
Hierarchie und Abfolge
- Untergeordnete Einheiten
Alter
- Alter Top
-
- Holozän
- Alter Basis
-
- Gélasien
- Datierungsmethode
- The base of the Early Pleistocene (and base of the Quaternary) is defined at the Gauss-Matuyama paleomagnetic reversal, around 2.58 Ma, which also roughly corresponds to the onset of MIS-103.
-
Holocene (11.7 ka)
- Name Origin
-
holos = fully, entirely , kaïno = recent
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Epoche / geochronologische Serie
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
-
Most recent stratigraphic unit referring to the warm episod that began with the end of the last glacial period.
- Age
- Holozän
-
Meghalayan (4.2 ka)
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
-
Last chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.
- Age
- Holozän
-
Subatlantic
- Rang
- Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Current climatic/palynological stage of the European Quaternary (approximate age range: from 2800-2450 calBP = 850-500 BC to present).
- Age
- Holozän
-
Subboreal
- Rang
- Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Palynological stage of the European Quaternary (approximate age range: 5500-2800 calBP).
- Age
- Holozän
-
Northgrippian (8.2 ka)
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
-
Middle chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.
- Age
- Holozän
-
Atlantic
- Name Origin
- Warm and moist climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.
- Rang
- Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Palynological stage depicting a climatic optimum in Europe, and characterised by the presence of oak, elm, linden and iva (approximate range: 9000-5500 calBP).
- Age
- Holozän
-
Greenlandian (11.7 ka)
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Sub-Periode
- Status
- lokaler Begriff (informell)
- Kurzbeschreibung
-
First chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.
- Age
- Holozän
-
Boreal
- Name Origin
- Cold climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.
- Rang
- Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Palynological stage of the European Quaternary (approximate age range: 10200-9000 calBP).
- Age
- Holozän
-
Preboreal
- Name Origin
- Transitional climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.
- Rang
- Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Palynological stage of the European Quaternary, at the base of the Holocene (approximate age range: 11650-10200 calBP).
- Age
- Holozän
-
Pleistocene (2.58 Ma)
- Name Origin
- pleistos = le plus , kaïno = récent
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Epoche / geochronologische Serie
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Age
- Gélasien
-
Late Pleistocene (129 ka)
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
-
By definition, the Late Pleistocene corresponds to the last interglacial–glacial cycle (Gondiswil Interglacial and Birrfeld Glacial in Switzerland).
-
Younger Dryas
- Name Origin
-
Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.
- Rang
- Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Cold floral stage at the end of the Late Pleistocene (12900-11500 BP = 11000-9500 av. J.C.).
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Allerød
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Allerød (Denmark).
- Rang
- Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Warmer climatic oscillation of the late glacial Pleistocene (11800-11000 BP = 11400-10730 av. J.C.), identified on the basis of pollen analysis.
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Older Dryas
- Name Origin
-
Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.
- Rang
- Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- (12000-11800 BP = 11590-11400 av. J.C.)
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Bølling
- Name Origin
- série de tourbes découvertes au lac Bølling, dans le Jutland central
- Rang
- Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Floral stage (13000-12000 BP = 11720-11590 av. J.C.).
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Oldest Dryas
- Name Origin
-
Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.
- Rang
- Klima-/Palynostratigraphie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Ab ca. 18'000-15'000 BP, je nach Autor.
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Eemian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the river Eem in the area of the city of Amersfoort (Netherlands).
- Rang
- Chronostratigraphie / Geochronologie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- Riss-Würm interglacial (Alps), Ipswichian (United Kingdom), Mikulin interglacial (Russia), Valdivia interglacial (Chile), Sangamonian (North America)
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Initial palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Late Pleistocene («Tarantian») of NW Europe, roughly corresponding to MIS-5e and to the Riss-Würm Interglacial.
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Middle Pleistocene (774 ka)
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
-
In Switzerland the age of the Hochterrasse deposits roughly coincides with the Middle Pleistocene.
-
Chibanian
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
-
New stage name for the Middle Pleistocene.
- Age
- Mittleres Pleistozän
-
Saalian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the river Saale (Deutschland).
- Rang
- Chronostratigraphie / Geochronologie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Terminal substage of the Middle Pleistocene of NW Europe, between Holsteinian and Eemian, characterised by cold climate (culminating in the Alpine region with the Riss glaciation).
- Age
- Mittleres Pleistozän
-
Holsteinian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Holstein region (N Germany).
- Rang
- Chronostratigraphie / Geochronologie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- Hoxnian (United Kingdom), Likhvinian (Russia)
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Middle Pleistocene (Ionian) of NW Europe, corresponding to MIS-11 and to the Mindel-Riss Interglacial.
- Age
- Mittleres Pleistozän
-
Elsterian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the river Weisse Elster (E Germany), a tributary of the river Saale.
- Rang
- Chronostratigraphie / Geochronologie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- Anglian (United Kingdom), Okian (Russia)
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Substage of the Middle Pleistocene of NW Europe, corresponding to MIS-12 and characterised by a cold climate (culminating in the Alpine region with the Mindel glaciation).
- Age
- Mittleres Pleistozän
-
Cromerian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the East Anglian town of Cromer (UK).
- Rang
- Chronostratigraphie / Geochronologie
- Status
- informeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Initial palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Middle Pleistocene («Ionian») of NW Europe, encompassing several glacial/interglacial cycles under a relatively mild climate (Günz-Mindel Interglacial).
- Age
- Mittleres Pleistozän
-
Early Pleistocene (2.58 Ma)
- Rang
- Chronostratigraphie / Geochronologie
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Geological subepoch characterised by a predominantly reversed polarised paleomagnetic field (Matuyama) and the onset of large glacial fluctuations.
- Age
- Gélasien
-
Calabrian (1.80 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Calabria region (Italy).
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Second substage of the Early Pleistocene.
- Age
- Frühes Pleistozän
-
Sicilian
- Name Origin
-
Named after Sicilia (Italia).
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Sub-Stufe
- Status
- gültig
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Regional substage (= late Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
- Age
- Calabrien
-
Emilian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Emilia region (Italia).
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Sub-Stufe
- Status
- gültig
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Regional substage (= middle Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
- Age
- Calabrien
-
Santernian
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Sub-Stufe
- Status
- gültig
- Kurzbeschreibung
- Regional substage (= early Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
- Age
- Calabrien
-
Gelasian (2.58 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Gela (Italia), Sicilia.
- Rang
- chronostratigraphische Stufe / geochronologisches Alter
- Status
- gültiger formeller Begriff
- Age
- Frühes Pleistozän