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Deutsch: Ötztal-Deckenkomplex
Français: Complexe de nappes de l'Ötztal
Italiano: Complesso di falde dell'Ötztal
English: Ötztal Nappe Complex

The Ötztal Nappe Complex is an Upper Austroalpine tectonic unit spanning the Austria-Italy border southwest of Innsbruck. In Switzerland, only two lithologically and tectonically distinct units occur: the main Ötztal Nappe (polymetamorphic paragneisses with minor orthogneisses and amphibolites) and the smaller, overlying Matsch Nappe (characteristic polymetamorphic association of interlayered metapelites, amphibolites and pegmatites).

Ötztal (Österreich)

Ötzthaler Masse (Stotter 1858), Oetztalerdecke (Eggenberger 1925), Ötztaliden (Medwenitsch 1962), Ötztal-Decke (Cadisch et al. 1968, Gruber et al. 2010), Ötztal-Scholle (Trümpy 1972), Oetztal nappe (Furrer et al. 1985), Ötztal-Einheit (Dössegger 1987), Ötztal Nappe Complex (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Tambò-Decke
Français: Nappe du Tambò
Italiano: Falda del Tambò
English: Tambò Nappe

The Tambo Nappe is a Middle Penninic tectonic unit of eastern Switzerland made up of polymetamorphic paragneisses intruded by the Permian Truzzo Granite that escaped Paleozoic deformation and metamorphism. This crystalline basement is unconformably overlain by a Permian–Mesozoic cover roughly comparable to the Briançonnais facies of the Barrhorn (Siviez-Mischabel Nappe) and Vanoise series.

Pizzo Tambo (GR)

Tambodecke (Heydweiller 1918, Kündig 1926a, Staub 1934, Gansser 1937a, Strohbach 1965, Weber 1966), Falda Tambò (Godenzi 1963), Tambo nappe = Tambo Nappe (Gulson 1973), Tambo-Decke = lembo di ricoprimento del Tambo (Schmutz 1976), falda Tambò (Sciesa 1991), nappe du Tambo (Mayerat Demarne 1994), Tambo Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

cf. Marquer et al. 1994, Marquer & Peucat 1994

Deutsch: Zone Submédiane
Français: Zone Submédiane
Italiano: Zona Submédiane
English: Zone Submédiane

The Zone Submédiane is a mélange zone that is generally found at the base of the Préalpes Médianes Nappe and morphologically determines a succession of mountain passes and valleys. It contains slivers of varying composition, size and origin (from the Ultrahelvetic to the Subbriançonnais realms) within a matrix comprising evaporites or «wildflysch».

Zone imbriquée de la vallée inférieure de la Grande Eau (Sarasin 1915), zone submédiane McConnell & de Raaf 1929), submediane zone = north-penninic mélange (Masson et al. 1980), zone sub-médiane (Escher et al. 1987), North-Penninic Submediane nappe (Polino et al. 1990), zone Submédiane (Ackermann et al. 1991), Zone Submédiane (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Adula-Decke
Français: Nappe de l'Adula
Italiano: Falda dell'Adula
English: Adula Nappe

The Adula Nappe is a tectonic unit of the Eastern Lepontic (Ticino Culmination). It consists of a Paleozoic crystalline basement (orthogneisses, paragneisses and lenses of mafic and ultramafic rock) which experienced high-pressure Alpine metamorphism under eclogite-facies conditions. A reduced series of Mesozoic sediments is locally preserved in the cores of the synclines.

Adula = Rheinwaldhorn (GR)

Aduladecke (Kündig 1926a, Weber 1966), Aduladecke = Schieferunterlage der Schamserdecken (Wilhelm 1933), Aduladecken (Staub 1934), Falda Adula (Godenzi 1963), Ricoprimento Adula = complesso Adula (Bianconi 1971), falda Adula (Sciesa 1991), unità di basamento dell'Adula-Cima Lunga (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), Adula nappe (Partzsch & Meyre 1996, Cavargna-Sani 2013), Falda dell'Adula = Adula-Decke (Schenker, Bl. Osogna), Adula Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Tavetsch-Decke
Français: Nappe du Tavetsch
Italiano: Falda del Tavetsch
English: Tavetsch Nappe

The Tavetsch Nappe is an Upper Helvetic tectonic unit cropping out in a large part of the upper Surselva (Vorderrhein Valley). It shows two contrasting parts: In the west, a narrow crystalline “massif” (formerly “Tavetsch -Zwischenmassiv”), consisting mainly of paragneisses, lies between the Aar Massif in the north and the Gotthard Nappe in the south. In the east, this crystalline basement thins and terminates towards the east in the core of an anticline, surrounded by Permian Verrucano sediments. The continuation of these sediments is found in the Glarus Nappe Complex.

Tavetsch = Tujetsch (GR), Surselva

Somvixer Zwischenmassiv (Niggli & Staub 1914), Tavetscher Zwischenmassiv (Niggli 1944), Tavetsch-Zwischenmassiv, Tavetsch massive [sic] (Purdy & Stalder 1973), Tavetschermassiv (Büchi & Trümpy 1976), Tavetsch massif (Biino 1994), Tavetsch Nappe (Berger et al. 2017, Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Mittelpenninikum
Français: Pennique moyen
Italiano: Pennidico medio
English: Middle Penninic

The Middle Penninic subdomain comprises tectonic units located between the Lower Penninic subduction surface and the major thrust of the Upper Penninic. Paleogeographically, these units are derived from the Briançonnais Terrane. They are formed of a polycyclic crystalline basement, cut by Late Cambrian (ca. 500 Ma) and Permian (ca. 270 Ma) granitic intrusions, by Permo-Carboniferous sediments that filled narrow basins and a characteristic Mesozoic – Paleogene sedimentary cover (much of it detached at the level of the Triassic evaporites to form some of the nappes in the Prealps).

Mittelpenninische Decken (Trümpy 1974), Pennidico medio (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), Mittlere Penninische Decken (Gruber et al. 2010), Middle Penninic Subdomain (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Obere Orobische Decke
Français: Nappe Orobique supérieure
Italiano: Falda Orobica superiore
English: Upper Orobic Nappe

The Upper Orobic Nappe is the uppermost and oldest thin-skinned thrust sheets of the eastern South Alpine domain. It consists of an around 5 to 7 km thick basement sheet, arranged in a series of en-échelon anticlines. The thrusts associated with the Upper Orobic Nappe ramped into the sedimentary cover, creating several duplexes that occur in a belt of klippes. The distribution of these erosional remnants reflects the later deformation by the basement ramps of the underlying younger local thrust sheets and imbricates (Lower Orobic Imbricates).

Alpi Orobie = Bergamasker Alpen

Obere Orobische Decke = Upper Orobic Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Madulain-Schuppen
Français: Écailles de Madulain
Italiano: Scaglie di Madulain
English: Madulain Slices

The Madulain Slices (“Albula Steilzone”) are located on the northwestern side of the Engadine Fault, where they lie to the north of the underlying Err Nappe and represent the base of the overlying Ela Nappe. This tectonic unit is made up of slices of sediments, attributed to the Bernina Nappe Complex by facies, in which thin and intensely folded slices of Err basement and sediments are inserted. This slice complex extends from west of the Pass d’Alvra (Albulapass) all the way to Madulain in the Engadine Valley.

Madulain (GR)

Maduleiner Faltenzüge (Zoeppritz 1906, Eggenberger 1925, Roesli 1927, Stöcklin 1949), Maduleiner-Falten (Spitz 1917), Madulain-Zug, Schuppen der Albula-Steilzone (Furrer et al. 2015), Madulain Slices (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Innertkirchen–Lauterbrunnen-Zone
Français: zone d'Innertkirchen–Lauterbrunnen
Italiano: zona di Innertkirchen–Lauterbrunnen
English: Innertkirchen–Lauterbrunnen zone

Nördlichste, mehrphasig anatektische Zone des prävariszischen Kristallins des Aar-Massivs. Gegen Süden, von der Erstfeld-Zone durch eine präalpine Überschiebung getrennt.

Gastern-Innertkirchnergranit-Zone (Rutsch et al. 1966), Innertkirchen-Lauterbrunnen Crystalline Zone (von Raumer et al. 1993a), Innertkirchen-Lauterbrunnen Zone (Berger et al. 2017)

Deutsch: Balgau-Subformation
English: Balgau Subformation

Oberer Teil der Breisgau-Fm., mit ein erhöhten Hornblendeanteil im Schwermineralspektrum, sowie ein zunehmenden alpinen Anteil in der Geröll- und Schwermineralfraktion.

Obere Breisgau-Schichten = Balgau-Subformation (Ellwanger et al. 2011, LGRB 2011), Balgau-Subformation = Upper Breisgau Formation (Graf 2024)