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Deutsch: Externes Mittelpenninikum der Ostschweiz
Français: Pennique Moyen externe de Suisse orientale
Italiano: Pennidico Medio esterno della Svizzera orientale
English: External Middle Penninic of Eastern Switzerland

In the Prättigau Half-Window, the discontinuous and often very thin Middle Penninic nappe stack (Falknis and Sulzfluh nappes) is upright and overlies the Lower Penninic Tomül Nappe. It is overlain by the Upper Penninic Arosa Zone and the Austroalpine domain. The sedimentary facies of the Falknis Nappe have close similarities with the Tasna Nappe exposed in the Lower Engadine Window. The Mesozoic strata in all these Middle Penninic units can definitely be attributed to the Briançonnais paleogeographic realm.

Middle Penninic in Eastern Switzerland p.p. (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Matsch-Decke
Français: Nappe de Matsch
Italiano: Falda di Mazia
English: Matsch Nappe

The Matsch Nappe differs from the underlying Ötztal Nappe in that it is built up of a characteristic polymetamorphic (Variscan, Permian and Alpine) association of interlayered metapelites, amphibolites and pegmatites. Manifestations of Permian metamorphism, associated with the intrusion of pegmatites, are absent in the Ötztal Nappe, and hence thrusting of the Matsch Nappe over the Ötztal Nappe must be of early Alpine age, predating emplacement and metamorphism within the Ötztal Nappe Complex at around 90 Ma.

Matscher Tal = Val di Mazia (Vinschgau, Österreisch)

Matscher Decke, Matsch Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Nördliche Kalkalpen
Français: Alpes Calcaires Septentrionales
Italiano: Alpi Calcaree Settentrionali
English: Northern Calcareous Alps

The Northern Calcareous Alps consists of a nappe stack made up exclusively of sedimentary rocks, ranging from the Permian to the Late Cretaceous, occupying the entire northern part of the Austroalpine. These nappes were detached from their crystalline basement during the Late Cretaceous, as inferred from synorogenic Cretaceous deposits. They were affected by top-NW thrusting in the Cretaceous, followed by top-N thrusting in the Cenozoic. This led to a complicated internal structure.

Rhätischen Schubmasse p.p. (Rothpletz 1902, Rothpletz 1905), Alpes Calcaires Septentrionales (Hirsch 1966, Trümpy 1976), kalkalpine Überschiebungsdecke (Trümpy 1972), Nördliche Kalkalpen (Trümpy 1974, Gruber et al. 2010), Alpi Calcaree Settentrionali (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), Northern Calcareous Alps (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Augstenberg-Schuppe
Français: Écaille de l'Augstenberg
Italiano: Scaglia dell'Augstenberg
English: Augstenberg Slice

The Augstenberg Slice is a tectonic subunit of the Lechtal Nappe at its southwestern border.

Augstenberg (Liechtenstein)

II Augstenberg-Nospitz-Schollen (Allemann & Schwizer 1979), Augstenberg Slice (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Gorfion-Schuppe
Français: Écaille du Gorfion
Italiano: Scaglia del Gorfion
English: Gorfion Slice

The Gorfion Slice is a tectonic subunit of the Lechtal Nappe at its southwestern border.

Gorvion = Gorfion (Liechtenstein)/(Österreich)

III Gorfion-Schollen (Allemann & Schwizer 1979), Gorfion Slice (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024), Gorvion-Schuppe

Deutsch: Ochsenkopf-Schuppe
Français: Écaille de l'Ochsenkopf
Italiano: Scaglia dell'Ochsenkopf
English: Ochsenkopf Slice

The Ochsenkopf Slice is a tectonic subunit of the western part of the Lechtal Nappe.

Ochsenkopf (Liechtenstein)/(Österreich)

Ochsenkopf Slice (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Ostalpin
Français: Austroalpin
Italiano: Austroalpino
English: Austroalpine

The Austroalpine tectonic domain is built up from allochthons derived from the Adriatic plate. The main episode of W- to NW- directed transport of nappe stacking is of Cretaceous age (“Eoalpine” orogeny reaching up to eclogitic conditions). Later, all these units became thrusted over the Penninic nappes towards the north during the Cenozoic, along a thrust that defines the outer limits of the Lower Engadine and the Tauern windows. The Austroalpine domain comprises two types of nappes. One type consists mainly of pre-Triassic crystalline basement rocks including their Permian – Mesozoic cover rocks (“basement-cover nappe”). The other type consists of detached allochthonous sedimentary cover rocks.

Because of the superposition of two orogenic cycles in the Austroalpine domain, its subdivision has always been difficult and controversial. In eastern Switzerland, the boundary between the Lower and Upper Austroalpine is largely based on paleogeographic considerations. The Upper Austroalpine units are derived from relatively more proximal parts of the Jurassic passive Adriatic continental margin in respect to the distal continental margin units preserved in the Lower Austroalpine, in particular in the Err Nappe characterized by the presence of rift-related polymict breccias of Early and Middle Jurassic age.

Siehe lexic.swissgeol.ch

ostalpine Zone = Austriden (Staub 1934), Falde Austridi (Godenzi 1963), Ostalpine Decken (Trümpy 1974), Ostalpin = Austroalpin (Bögel 1976), East Alpine, Austro-Alpine nappes, sistema Austroalpino = falde Austroalpine (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), ostalpine Decken (Spillmann 1993), Dominio tettonico Austroalpino (Montrasio et al. 2012), Austroalpine (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2025)

non: Ostalpen [geographisch]

Deutsch: Visperterminen-Schuppe
Français: Écaille de Visperterminen
Italiano: Scaglia di Visperterminen
English: Visperterminen Slice

The Visperterminen Slice is a Middle Penninic tectonic unit occupying the core of a fold within the Sion-Courmayeur Nappe between Visp and the Simplonpass. It consists of graphitic schist and paragneiss. By lithological and structural analogy, it is attributed to the Zone Houillère occuring further west.

Visperterminen (VS)

digitation de Visperterbinen (Argand 1911), zone de Visperterminen (Bearth 1963), unité de Visperterminen (Burri 1979), Lappen von Visperterminen (Bolli et al. 1980), Visperterminen Slice (TK500, Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Schwarzhorn-Schuppe
Français: Écaille du Schwarzhorn
Italiano: Scaglia dello Schwarzhorn
English: Schwarzhorn Slice

The “Schwarzhorn Slice” in the Rätikon area (northeastern corner of the Prättigau Half-Window) corresponds to the Dorfberg Nappe (Err Nappe Complex). It consists mainly of a metamorphosed diorite body of Cambrian age and is interpreted to represent the continuation of the “Gabbrozug” in the Dorfberg Nappe.

Schwarzhorn (Österreich), Tilisuna

Schwarzhorn slice (Nagel 2006), Schwarzhorn sliver (Nilius et al. 2016)

Deutsch: Haute-Saône-Tafel
Français: Plateau de Haute-Saône
Italiano: Piattaforma della Haute-Saône
English: Haute-Saône Platform

The Haute-Saône Platform forms the southeastern rim of the Paris Basin and is formed predominantly by Mesozoic sediments, with some post-rift Neogene Molasse sediments. It is mostly located in France except for the Ajoie area. At its eastern boundary, the separation from the northern part of the Upper Rhine Graben is clearly defined by NNE–SSW trending normal faults. In the south, however, the situation is more complex. Here, the limestone plateau of Ajoie, regarded as belonging to the Haute-Saône Platform, is separated from the northward-adjacent Upper Rhine Graben by a W–E trending flexure dissected by N–S trending normal faults. To the south, the Haute-Saône Platform is mostly bounded by the Detached North Alpine Foreland, in particluar by the frontal Faisceaux of the External Folded Jura. South of the Ajoie area, where the External Folded Jura is missing, the Internal Folded Jura is thrust directly onto the Haute-Saône Platform.

Haute-Saône (France)

Nordfranzösisches Schichtstufenland, North French Scarplands, Plateaux de Haute-Saône et de Haute-Marne, Haute-Saône Platform (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)