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Deutsch: Tschirpen-Decke
Français: Nappe du Tschirpen
Italiano: Falda del Tschirpen
English: Tschirpen Nappe

The small Tschirpen Nappe is a Lower Austroalpine sedimentary sequence overlying the Arosa Zone in the southwestern part of the Prättigau Half-Window, between Tiefencastel and Arosa.

Tschirpen (GR), WSW Arosa

Tschirpendecke (Brauchli YYYY, Gees 1954), Tschirpenschuppe (Staub 1934), Tschirpen-Decke (Leupold ----, Streckeisen 1986, Pfiffner 2015, Signer et al. 2018), Tschirpen Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Valmala-Formation
English: Valmala Formation

«Quarzsandsteinflysch» («Gault») der Tasna-Decke: brauner turbiditischer Sandstein bis Grauwacke mit Kalk- und Tonschiefer-Lagen.

Alp Valmala (GR)

Valmala-Formation (Bl. Silvretta)

Deutsch: Präkambrium
Français: Précambrien
Italiano: Precambriano
English: Precambrian

The Precambrian an informal geochronologic unit grouping the Hadean, Archean and Proterozoic eons.

Antécambrien (Corbin & Oulianoff 1935), Prepaleozoic = Precambrian

Deutsch: Diablerets-Decke
Français: Nappe des Diablerets
Italiano: Falda dei Diablerets
English: Diablerets Nappe

The Diablerets Nappe is an Upper Helvetic tectonic nappe in the Western Swiss Alps. Forming the base of the Wildhorn Nappe Complex, it is present only in the southwest and is linked by a tight syncline to the overlying Mont Gond Nappe.

massif des Diablerets (VD)/(VS)

Diablerets Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Iberg-Melange
Français: Mélange d'Iberg
Italiano: Mélange d'Iberg
English: Iberg Mélange

The Iberg Mélange overlies the Drusberg Nappe in the Iberg Klippen, where it is overlain by Penninic and Austroalpine units. It contains some “wildflysch” with Late Cretaceous and Paleogene lenses, slices of South Helvetic origin and slices from the overlying Penninic units.

Ibergeregg (SZ)

Iberg-Mélange (Bayer 1982), Wildflysch = Iberg-Mélange (Lienert et al. 2003), Iberg-Wildflysch (Trümpy 2006), Iberg Wildlfysch = Iberg Mélange (Letsch & Kiefer 2017), Iberg Mélange (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Lago-Maggiore-Störung
Français: Faille du Lago Maggiore
Italiano: Faglia del Lago Maggiore
English: Lago Maggiore Fault

The Lago Maggiore Fault marks the boundary between the Ivrea-Ceneri Complex and the Upper Orobic Nappe. It was originally an Early Mesozoic rift fault that separated the Early Jurassic Monte Nudo Basin in the east from the Gozzano High in the west.

Lago Maggiore

Lago Maggiore Fault (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Roggenstock–Mördergruebi-Decke
Français: Nappe du Roggenstock–Mördergruebi
Italiano: Falda Roggenstock–Mördergruebi
English: Roggenstock–Mördergruebi Nappe

The Roggenstock-Mördergruebi Nappe consists of a pair of isolated klippes forming the highest unit of the Iberg Klippen in central Switzerland. It is in direct tectonic contact with the underlying Arosa Zone that in turn overthrusts Middle Penninic units and is therefore a testimony that Austroalpine cover nappes must have formerly extended as continuous thrust sheets westwards to the meridian of the Vierwaldstättersee. These klippes only expose Late Triassic to Early Jurassic sediments, which are correlated with the nappes of the Northern Calcareous Alps.

Roggenstock (SZ)

Gesteine des Roggenstock und der Mördergruebi (Lienert et al. 2003), Roggenstock klippe (Letsch & Kiefer 2017), Roggenstock–Mördergruebi-Schuppe, Roggenstock–Mördergruebi Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Masuccio-Decke
Français: Nappe du Masuccio
Italiano: Falda del Masuccio
English: Masuccio Nappe

The Masuccio Nappe, consisting exclusively of amphibolite-facies Variscan basement, is the lowermost unit of the Campo Nappe Complex. It overthrusts the Bernina Nappe and is located in the footwall of the Late Cretaceous Mortirolo Normal Fault, a transtensional top-E directed extensional fault that became folded around the Pass d’Ur Antiform during Cenozoic folding. In the south, the Masuccio Nappe is in a subvertical orientation and part of the Southern Steep Belt (or root zone) located north of the Tonale Fault, where it is juxtaposed with the structurally much higher Tonale Nappe, located further south and directly adjacent to the Tonale Fault.

Masuccio Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Oberrhein-Graben
Français: Graben du Haut Rhin
Italiano: Graben dell'Alto Reno
English: Upper Rhine Graben

The NNE–SSW trending Upper Rhine Graben is a segment of the European Cenozoic Rift System located north of Basel, filled with Paleogene–Neogene sediments of 2–3 km thickness. It is up to 40 km wide and separates the Haute-Saône Platform to the west from the South German Platform to the east. The graben shoulders are bounded by steep normal faults and include isolated, lowered blocks of Mesozoic platform sediments along the rift-internal sides (the so-called Vorberg Zone, e.g., Isteiner Klotz north of Basel). The Schwarzwald Fault forms the eastern border of the graben. The southwestern border of the graben with the Haute-Saône Platform forms a flexure. In the southeast, the graben borders the External Folded Jura; the corresponding flexure is accentuated and overprinted by Alpine deformation.

Vallée du Haut Rhin (France)/(Deutschland) [siehe auch www.oberrheingraben.de]

Oberrheingraben, Rheintalgraben, fossé de la vallée du Rhin, Oberrheintal-Graben = Rheintal-Graben (Büchi & Trümpy 1976), Oberrheinische Tiefebene, Oberrheinisches Tiefland, Upper Rhine Plain, Rhine Rift Valley, fossé rhénan, graben del Reno (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), Upper Rhine Graben = Cenozoic of the Rhine Graben (Mojon et al. 2018), Upper Rhine Graben (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Tomül-Decke
Français: Nappe du Tomül
Italiano: Falda del Tomül
English: Tomül Nappe

The Lower Penninic Tomül Nappe is the highest of the “Bündnerschiefer” nappes rooting in the «Misox Zone». It can be followed eastward, below the Middle Penninic Schams Nappe Complex, and is then backfolded, together with the latter, around the front of the Suretta Nappe in order to come to lie in an overturned position on top of the Schams Nappe Complex in the upper limb of the Niemet-Beverin Backfold. East of Lenzerheide, the Tomül Nappe can be followed even further to the east and into the Prättigau Half-Window where it underlies the Middle Penninic Falknis and Sulzfluh nappes.

The Tomül Nappe locally has an ophiolite-bearing mélange at its base, overlain by very thick (over 2 km-thick) and multiply folded «Bündnerschiefer» and flysch sequence of Cretaceous–Paleogene age.

Piz Tomül (GR), zwischen Vals und Safiental

Tomül-Teildecke (Kündig 1926a), Tomüllappen (Wilhelm 1933, Jäckli 1947, van der Plas 1959), digitation du Tomül (Trümpy 1970), Tomül-Lappen (Bolli et al. 1980), Tomül Nappe (Berger & Mercolli 2007)