Suche

Deutsch: Petit-Saint-Bernard-Schuppe
Français: Écaille du Petit Saint Bernard
Italiano: Scaglia del Piccolo San Bernardo
English: Petit Saint Bernard Slice

The Petit Saint-Bernard Slice is restricted to the area of the eponymous pass on the French-Italian border. It consists of a series of Triassic–Jurassic sediments with Subbriançonnais facies and is often considered as an independent tectonic unit thrust over the Sion-Courmayeur Nappe and, together with it, thrust under the Middle Penninic Zone Houillère.

Col du Petit St. Bernard (France)

zone du Petit St-Bernard (Schoeller 1929), Zona del Piccolo San Bernardo (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), unité du Petit St Bernard (Bousquet 1998), Versoyen-Petit St-Bernard nappe (Masson et al. 2008), Petit St. Bernhard tectonic unit (Steck 2008), Petit Saint Bernard Slice (TK500, Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Schlieren-Decke
Français: Nappe des Schlieren
Italiano: Falda delle Schlieren
English: Schlieren Nappe

The Schlieren Nappe is a Lower Penninic tectonic unit occuring between Thunersee and Vierwaldstättersee in a large synform of the Upper Helvetic Drusberg Nappe (with intercalated Habkern Mélange Zone). This nappe only consists of Cretaceous–Paleogene flysch very similar to the Voirons and Gurnigel flysches in the Prealps and to the Wägital flysch further east.

Grosse und Kleine Schliere (Schwandschliere); Hauptverbreitung im Grossschlierental (OW)

Schlieren Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Silvretta-Decke
Français: Nappe de la Silvretta
Italiano: Falda della Silvretta
English: Silvretta Nappe

The Silvretta Nappe is the northernmost Upper Austroalpine basement-cover nappe extending over a large area located between the southern rim of the Northern Calcareous Alps in the north and the Engadine Fault in the south. Most of its area is occupied by high-grade metamorphic basement that was multiply deformed since the Precambrian, ending with an amphibolite-facies Variscan tectono-metamorphic event in the Carboniferous. A top-N Alpine thrust of secondary importance separates this high-grade basement from a narrow belt of low-grade basement referred to as the “Phyllitgneiszone” (including the Landeck Quartzphyllites) that is nowadays also considered to be a part of the Silvretta Nappe.

The Triassic cover of the Silvretta Nappe is preserved in two SW–NE striking synclines located at the western edge of the Silvretta Nappe, known as the Landwasser and Ducan synclines. They formed during top-NW thrusting in the Cretaceous, and then were overprinted by normal faulting still in the latest Cretaceous. Only very small lenses of Permo-Carboniferous and Early Triassic slivers (“Puschlin Zone”) are preserved within the Landeck Quarzphyllites.

Silvretta-Gebirgsgruppe (GR)

Silvretta-Masse (Stotter 1858), Silvrettamasse (Koch 1875, Koch 1876a, Koch 1877a/b), Silvrettadecke (Staub & Cadisch 1921, Ott 1922), oberostalpine Decke = Silvretta-Decke (Alb. Heim 1922), Silvrettiden (Medwenitsch 1962), Silvretta-Scholle = Silvretta-Schubmasse (Trümpy 1972), Silvretta-Masse = Silvrettadecke (Kräyenbühl 1984), Silvretta-Einheit (Dössegger 1987), Silvretta nappe (Maggetti & Flisch 1993), Silvretta thrust sheet (Biino 1996), Silvretta-Decke (Gruber et al. 2010, Furrer et al. 2015), Silvretta Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

die Silvretta

Deutsch: Diablerets-Decke
Français: Nappe des Diablerets
Italiano: Falda dei Diablerets
English: Diablerets Nappe

The Diablerets Nappe is an Upper Helvetic tectonic nappe in the Western Swiss Alps. Forming the base of the Wildhorn Nappe Complex, it is present only in the southwest and is linked by a tight syncline to the overlying Mont Gond Nappe.

massif des Diablerets (VD)/(VS)

Diablerets Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Iberg-Melange
Français: Mélange d'Iberg
Italiano: Mélange d'Iberg
English: Iberg Mélange

The Iberg Mélange overlies the Drusberg Nappe in the Iberg Klippen, where it is overlain by Penninic and Austroalpine units. It contains some “wildflysch” with Late Cretaceous and Paleogene lenses, slices of South Helvetic origin and slices from the overlying Penninic units.

Ibergeregg (SZ)

Iberg-Mélange (Bayer 1982), Wildflysch = Iberg-Mélange (Lienert et al. 2003), Iberg-Wildflysch (Trümpy 2006), Iberg Wildlfysch = Iberg Mélange (Letsch & Kiefer 2017), Iberg Mélange (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Lago-Maggiore-Störung
Français: Faille du Lago Maggiore
Italiano: Faglia del Lago Maggiore
English: Lago Maggiore Fault

The Lago Maggiore Fault marks the boundary between the Ivrea-Ceneri Complex and the Upper Orobic Nappe. It was originally an Early Mesozoic rift fault that separated the Early Jurassic Monte Nudo Basin in the east from the Gozzano High in the west.

Lago Maggiore

Lago Maggiore Fault (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Roggenstock–Mördergruebi-Decke
Français: Nappe du Roggenstock–Mördergruebi
Italiano: Falda Roggenstock–Mördergruebi
English: Roggenstock–Mördergruebi Nappe

The Roggenstock-Mördergruebi Nappe consists of a pair of isolated klippes forming the highest unit of the Iberg Klippen in central Switzerland. It is in direct tectonic contact with the underlying Arosa Zone that in turn overthrusts Middle Penninic units and is therefore a testimony that Austroalpine cover nappes must have formerly extended as continuous thrust sheets westwards to the meridian of the Vierwaldstättersee. These klippes only expose Late Triassic to Early Jurassic sediments, which are correlated with the nappes of the Northern Calcareous Alps.

Roggenstock (SZ)

Gesteine des Roggenstock und der Mördergruebi (Lienert et al. 2003), Roggenstock klippe (Letsch & Kiefer 2017), Roggenstock–Mördergruebi-Schuppe, Roggenstock–Mördergruebi Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Masuccio-Decke
Français: Nappe du Masuccio
Italiano: Falda del Masuccio
English: Masuccio Nappe

The Masuccio Nappe, consisting exclusively of amphibolite-facies Variscan basement, is the lowermost unit of the Campo Nappe Complex. It overthrusts the Bernina Nappe and is located in the footwall of the Late Cretaceous Mortirolo Normal Fault, a transtensional top-E directed extensional fault that became folded around the Pass d’Ur Antiform during Cenozoic folding. In the south, the Masuccio Nappe is in a subvertical orientation and part of the Southern Steep Belt (or root zone) located north of the Tonale Fault, where it is juxtaposed with the structurally much higher Tonale Nappe, located further south and directly adjacent to the Tonale Fault.

Masuccio Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Castello-Zone
Français: Zone de Castello
Italiano: Zona di Castello
English: Castello zone

Unterste tektonische Zone der Adula-Decke: heterogene, kristalline Schiefern, verschiedene Gneise, Schiefer, Basika und etwas Karbonaten.

Castello (Italia)

Castellozone = zona di Castello (Weber 1966)

Deutsch: Oberrhein-Graben
Français: Graben du Haut Rhin
Italiano: Graben dell'Alto Reno
English: Upper Rhine Graben

The NNE–SSW trending Upper Rhine Graben is a segment of the European Cenozoic Rift System located north of Basel, filled with Paleogene–Neogene sediments of 2–3 km thickness. It is up to 40 km wide and separates the Haute-Saône Platform to the west from the South German Platform to the east. The graben shoulders are bounded by steep normal faults and include isolated, lowered blocks of Mesozoic platform sediments along the rift-internal sides (the so-called Vorberg Zone, e.g., Isteiner Klotz north of Basel). The Schwarzwald Fault forms the eastern border of the graben. The southwestern border of the graben with the Haute-Saône Platform forms a flexure. In the southeast, the graben borders the External Folded Jura; the corresponding flexure is accentuated and overprinted by Alpine deformation.

Vallée du Haut Rhin (France)/(Deutschland) [siehe auch www.oberrheingraben.de]

Oberrheingraben, Rheintalgraben, fossé de la vallée du Rhin, Oberrheintal-Graben = Rheintal-Graben (Büchi & Trümpy 1976), Oberrheinische Tiefebene, Oberrheinisches Tiefland, Upper Rhine Plain, Rhine Rift Valley, fossé rhénan, graben del Reno (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), Upper Rhine Graben = Cenozoic of the Rhine Graben (Mojon et al. 2018), Upper Rhine Graben (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)