Cenozoic
Retour à Mesozoic (~ 251 Ma)Représentation et statut
- Index
- cnz
- Couleur CMYK
- 5 / 0 / 90 / 0
- Couleur RGB
- R: 242 G: 249 B: 29
- Rang
- Ère chronostratigraphique
- Usage
- Ce terme est en usage.
- Status
- terme formel valide
Nomenclature
- Deutsch
- Känozoikum
- Français
- Cénozoïque
- Italiano
- Cenozoico
- English
- Cenozoic
- Variantes historiques
-
--- (Phillips 1841), Cénozoïque = Caenozoïque (Denizot et al. 1957), Erdneuzeit, Neuzeit, Neozoikum, Kaenozoikum
Hiérarchie et succession
- Unités hiérarchiquement subordonnées
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Quaternary (2.58 Ma)
- Rang
- Période chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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The Quaternary is the last geochronologic period of the Cenozoic, starting with the Gelasian age (at the transition from the Neogene period) and still going on into the Present. It is subdivided in two epochs (Pleistocene and Holocene). The base of the Quaternary is set at the Gauss/Matuyama palaeomagnetic reversal and the period is characterised by successive glacials in a context of increased global ice volume. In Switzerland one can assume that all of the (peri)glacial deposits belong to the Quaternary.
- Age
- Gélasien
-
Holocene (11.7 ka)
- Name Origin
-
holos = fully, entirely , kaïno = recent
- Rang
- Époque chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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The Holocene is the most recent geochronologic epoch of the Quaternary, referring to the warm episod that began with the end of the last glacial period.
- Age
- Holocène
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Meghalayan (4.2 ka)
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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Last chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.
- Age
- Holocène
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Subatlantic
- Rang
- climato/palynostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
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Current climatic/palynological stage of the postglacial European Quaternary (approximate age range: from 2800-2450 calBP = 850-500 BC to present).
- Age
- Holocène
-
Subboreal
- Rang
- climato/palynostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
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Palynological stage of the postglacial European Quaternary (approximate age range: 5500-2800 calBP).
- Age
- Holocène
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Northgrippian (8.2 ka)
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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Middle chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.
- Age
- Holocène
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Atlantic
- Name Origin
-
Warm and moist climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.
- Rang
- climato/palynostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
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Palynological stage depicting a postglacial climatic optimum in Europe, and characterised by the presence of oak, elm, linden and iva (approximate range: 9000-5500 calBP).
- Age
- Holocène
-
Greenlandian (11.7 ka)
- Rang
- Sous-Période chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme local (informel)
- En bref
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First chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.
- Age
- Holocène
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Boreal
- Name Origin
-
Cold climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.
- Rang
- climato/palynostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
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Palynological stage of the postglacial European Quaternary (approximate age range: 10200-9000 calBP).
- Age
- Holocène
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Preboreal
- Name Origin
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Transitional climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.
- Rang
- climato/palynostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
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Palynological stage of the postglacial European Quaternary, at the base of the Holocene (approximate age range: 11650-10200 calBP).
- Age
- Holocène
-
Pleistocene (2.58 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
pleistos = le plus , kaïno = récent
- Rang
- Époque chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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The Pleistocene is the first geochronologic epoch of the Quaternary, starting with the Gelasian age (at the transition from the Pliocene epoch) and ending with an unnamed age at the transition to the Holocene epoch. It is subdivided in three subepochs (Early, Middle and Late Pleistocene).
- Age
- Gélasien
-
Late Pleistocene (129 ka)
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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The Late Pleistocene is the last geochronologic subepoch of the Pleistocene, comprising only one (unnamed) age. Its base was set at the start of the Eem Interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5e).
Correlatively, the Late Pleistocene corresponds in Switzerland to the last interglacial–glacial cycle (Gondiswil Interglacial and Birrfeld Glacial).
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Younger Dryas
- Name Origin
-
Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.
- Rang
- climato/palynostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
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Late glacial cold floral stage at the end of the Late Pleistocene (12900-11500 BP = 11000-9500 av. J.C.).
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Allerød
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Allerød (Denmark).
- Rang
- climato/palynostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
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Warmer climatic oscillation of the late glacial Pleistocene (11800-11000 BP = 11400-10730 av. J.C.), identified on the basis of pollen analysis.
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Older Dryas
- Name Origin
-
Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.
- Rang
- climato/palynostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
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Late glacial floral stage (12000-11800 BP = 11590-11400 av. J.C.)
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
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Bølling
- Name Origin
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série de tourbes découvertes au lac Bølling, dans le Jutland central
- Rang
- climato/palynostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
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Late glacial floral stage (13000-12000 BP = 11720-11590 av. J.C.).
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Oldest Dryas
- Name Origin
-
Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.
- Rang
- climato/palynostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
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Ab ca. 18'000-15'000 BP, je nach Autor.
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
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Eemian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the river Eem in the area of the city of Amersfoort (Netherlands).
- Rang
- chronostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- Riss-Würm interglacial (Alps), Ipswichian (United Kingdom), Mikulin interglacial (Russia), Valdivia interglacial (Chile), Sangamonian (North America)
- En bref
- Initial palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Late Pleistocene («Tarantian») of NW Europe, roughly corresponding to MIS-5e and to the Riss-Würm Interglacial.
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
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Middle Pleistocene (774 ka)
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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The Middle Pleistocene is the middle geochronologic subepoch of the Pleistocene, comprising only the Chibanian age. Its base was set at the boundary between the Matuyama and Brunhes magnetostratigraphic epochs.
In Switzerland the age of the Hochterrasse deposits roughly coincides with the Middle Pleistocene.
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Chibanian
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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New stage name for the Middle Pleistocene.
- Age
- Mittleres Pleistozän
-
Saalian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the river Saale (Deutschland).
- Rang
- chronostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
- Terminal substage of the Middle Pleistocene of NW Europe, between Holsteinian and Eemian, characterised by cold climate (culminating in the Alpine region with the Riss glaciation).
- Age
- Mittleres Pleistozän
-
Holsteinian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Holstein region (N Germany).
- Rang
- chronostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- Hoxnian (United Kingdom), Likhvinian (Russia)
- En bref
- Palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Middle Pleistocene (Ionian) of NW Europe, corresponding to MIS-11 and to the Mindel-Riss Interglacial.
- Age
- Mittleres Pleistozän
-
Elsterian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the river Weisse Elster (E Germany), a tributary of the river Saale.
- Rang
- chronostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- Anglian (United Kingdom), Okian (Russia)
- En bref
- Substage of the Middle Pleistocene of NW Europe, corresponding to MIS-12 and characterised by a cold climate (culminating in the Alpine region with the Mindel glaciation).
- Age
- Mittleres Pleistozän
-
Cromerian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the East Anglian town of Cromer (UK).
- Rang
- chronostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
- Initial palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Middle Pleistocene («Ionian») of NW Europe, encompassing several glacial/interglacial cycles under a relatively mild climate (Günz-Mindel Interglacial).
- Age
- Mittleres Pleistozän
-
Early Pleistocene (2.58 Ma)
- Rang
- chronostratigraphie
- En bref
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The Early Pleistocene is the first geochronologic subepoch of the Pleistocene, starting with the Gelasian age (at the transition from the Piacenzian age) and ending with the Calabrian age (at the transition to the Chibanian age). It is characterised by a predominantly reversed polarised paleomagnetic field (Matuyama) and the onset of large glacial fluctuations.
- Age
- Gélasien
-
Calabrian (1.80 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Calabria region (Italy).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
- Second substage of the Early Pleistocene.
- Age
- Frühes Pleistozän
-
Sicilian
- Name Origin
-
Named after Sicilia (Italia).
- Rang
- Sous-Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- valide
- En bref
- Regional substage (= late Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
- Age
- Calabrien
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Emilian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Emilia region (Italia).
- Rang
- Sous-Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- valide
- En bref
- Regional substage (= middle Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
- Age
- Calabrien
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Santernian
- Rang
- Sous-Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- valide
- En bref
- Regional substage (= early Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
- Age
- Calabrien
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Gelasian (2.58 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Gela (Italia), Sicilia.
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- Age
- Frühes Pleistozän
-
Neogene (23.03 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
neos = new , genos = birth
- Rang
- Période chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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The Neogene (formal name for the «late Tertiary») is the middle geochronologic period of the Cenozoic, starting with the Aquitanian age (at the transition from the Paleogene period) and ending with the Piacenzian age (at the transition to the Quaternary period). It is subdivided in two epochs (Miocene and Pliocene).
- Age
- Aquitanien
-
Pliocene (5.333 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
plios = plus , kaïno = récent
- Rang
- Époque chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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The Pliocene is the last geochronologic epoch of the Neogene, starting with the Zanclean age (at the transition from the Miocene epoch) and ending with the Piacenzian age (at the transition to the Pleistocene epoch).
- Age
- Zancléen
-
Piacenzian (3.600 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Piacenzia (Italia).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- Age
- spätes Pliozän
-
Zanclean (5.333 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Derived from Zancla, the pre-Roman name for the town of Messina in Sicily (Italy).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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First stage of the Pliocene.
- Age
- Pliozän
-
Miocene (23.03 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
meios = less, kaïno = recent
- Rang
- Époque chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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The Miocene is the first geochronologic epoch of the Neogene, starting with the Aquitanian age (at the transition from the Oligocene epoch) and ending with the Messinian age (at the transition to the Pliocene epoch).
- Age
- Aquitanien
-
Messinian (7.246 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Messina (Italia), Sicilia.
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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Last stage of the Miocene.
- Age
- spätes Miozän
-
Tortonian (11.63 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the city of Tortona (Italia), Piemonte.
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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Stage of the Late Miocene.
- Age
- spätes Miozän
-
Serravallian (13.82 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Serravalle Scrivia (Italia), Piemonte.
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
-
Stage of the Middle Miocene.
- Age
- mittleres Miozän
-
Langhian (15.97 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Langhe area north of Ceva (Italy).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>le Langhe (plural)</p>
- En bref
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Stage of the Middle Miocene.
- Age
- mittleres Miozän
-
Burdigalian (20.44 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Bordeaux = Burdigala (Gironde, France).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>Latin: Burdigalia</p>
- En bref
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Second stage of the Miocene.
- Age
- frühes Miozän
-
Aquitanian (23.03 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Aquitaine region (France).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
-
First stage of the Miocene Series, and hence base of the Neogene System.
- Age
- frühes Miozän
-
Palaeogene (66.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
palaeos = ancient , genos = birth
- Rang
- Période chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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The Paleogene (formal name for the «early Tertiary») is the first geochronologic period of the Cenozoic, starting with the Danian age (at the transition from the Cretaceous period) and ending with the Chattian age (at the transition to the Neogene period). It is subdivided in three epochs (Paleocene, Eocene and Oligocene).
- Age
- Danien
-
Oligocene (33.9 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
oligos = peu , kaïno = récent
- Rang
- Époque chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
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The Oligocene is the last geochronologic epoch of the Paleogene, starting with the Rupelian age (at the transition from the Eocene epoch) and ending with the Chattian age (at the transition to the Miocene epoch).
- Age
- Rupélien
-
Chattian (27.82 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Chatti tribe (Deutschland).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- Age
- Oligozän
-
Rupelian (33.9 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Rupel river (Belgium).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
-
First stage of the Oligocene. Its definition was originally based on the Rupel Group.
- Age
- frühes Oligozän
-
Eocene (56.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
eos = aurore, début , kaïno = récent
- Rang
- Époque chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
-
The Eocene is the middle geochronologic epoch of the Paleogene, starting with the Ypresian age (at the transition from the Paleocene epoch) and ending with the Priabonian age (at the transition to the Oligocene epoch). It is subdivided in four ages (Ypresian, Lutetian, Bartonian and Priabonian).
- Age
- Yprésien
-
Priabonian (37.71 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Priabona (Italia), Vicenza.
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>Parastratotypes à Ghenderle, Brendola, Mossano et Possagno (Cita 1969) ; calcaires marneux à Echinides de Priabona (Boussac 1909a)</p>
- En bref
-
Last stage of the Eocene. Definition originally based on the «assises de la Granella», «groupe des couches à Orbitoides de Priabona» and «marnes de Brendola».
- Age
- spätes Eozän
-
Bartonian (~41 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Barton-on-Sea (Hampshire, UK).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
-
Second stage of the Middle Eocene. Its definition was originally based both on the Barton Beds (Hampshire) and the Sables d'Auvers-Beauchamp (Paris Basin).
- Age
- mittleres Eozän
-
Marinesian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Marines (Val-d'Oise, France)
- Rang
- Sous-Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme local (informel)
- En bref
-
Second substage of the Bartonian in the Paris Basin. Original definition based on the «Sables de Marines». It corresponds to the Late Bartonian of the International Time Scale.
- Age
- Bartonien
-
Auversian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Auvers-sur-Oise (Val d'Oise, France) ; le stratotype des sablières du Bois-le-Roi est en cours d'aménagement.
- Rang
- Sous-Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme local (informel)
- Durée de validité
- Bartonian
- En bref
-
First substage of the Bartonian in the Paris Basin. It corresponds to the Early Bartonian of the International Time Scale.
- Age
- frühes Bartonien
-
Lutetian (47.8 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Paris = Lutetia (France).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
-
Second stage of the Eocene.
- Age
- mittleres Eozän
-
Ypresian (56.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Ypres = Ieper(Belgium).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
-
First stage of the Eocene.
- Age
- frühes Eozän
-
Cuisian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Cuise-la-Motte (Oise, France).
- Rang
- Sous-Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme local (informel)
- En bref
- Last, informal substage of the Ypresian.
- Age
- spätes Yprésien
-
Sparnacian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Épernay = Sparnacum (Marne, France).
- Rang
- Sous-Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme local (informel)
- En bref
- Early Ypresian of the Paris Basin.
- Age
- frühes Eozän
-
Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM)
- Rang
- climato/palynostratigraphie
- Statut
- terme informel
- En bref
- Global thermal maximum marked by a strong negative anomaly in δ13C values at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary.
-
Paleocene (66.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
palaeos = ancient , eos = dawn, kaïno = recent (i.e. Palaeo-Eocene, see Pulvertaft 1999)
- Rang
- Époque chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
-
The Paleocene is the first geochronologic epoch of the Paleogene, starting with the Danian age (at the transition from the Late Cretaceous epoch) and ending with the Thanttian age (at the transition to the Eocene epoch). It is subdivided in three ages (Danian, Selandian and Thanetian).
- Age
- Danien
-
Thanetian (59.2 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Isle of Thanet (Kent, UK).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
-
Last stage of the Paleocene.
- Age
- spätes Paläozän
-
Selandian (61.6 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Zealand island (Denmark).
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- Age
- mittleres Paläozän
-
Danian (66.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Latin name for Denmark.
- Rang
- Étage chronostratigraphique
- Statut
- terme formel valide
- En bref
-
First stage of the Paleocene (and hence of the Cenozoic as well).
- Age
- frühes Paläozän