Cenozoic

Torna a Mesozoic (~ 251 Ma)

Rappresentazione e statuto

Index
cnz
Colore CMYK
5 / 0 / 90 / 0
Colore RGB
R: 242 G: 249 B: 29
Rango
Era cronostratigrafica
Uso
Unità in uso.
Status
termine formale valido

Nomenclatura

Deutsch
Känozoikum
Français
Cénozoïque
Italiano
Cenozoico
English
Cenozoic
Varianti storiche

--- (Phillips 1841), Cénozoïque = Caenozoïque (Denizot et al. 1957), Erdneuzeit, Neuzeit, Neozoikum, Kaenozoikum

Gerarchia e successione

  • Quaternary (2.58 Ma)

    Rango
    Periodo cronostratigrafico
    Statuto
    termine formale valido
    In breve

    The Quaternary is the last geochronologic period of the Cenozoic, starting with the Gelasian age (at the transition from the Neogene period) and still going on into the Present. It is subdivided in two epochs (Pleistocene and Holocene). The base of the Quaternary is set at the Gauss/Matuyama palaeomagnetic reversal and the period is characterised by successive glacials in a context of increased global ice volume. In Switzerland one can assume that all of the (peri)glacial deposits belong to the Quaternary.

    Age
    Gelasiano
    • Holocene (11.7 ka)

      Name Origin

      holos = fully, entirely , kaïno = recent

      Rango
      Epoca cronostratigrafica
      Statuto
      termine formale valido
      In breve

      The Holocene is the most recent geochronologic epoch of the Quaternary, referring to the warm episod that began with the end of the last glacial period.

      Age
      Olocene
      • Meghalayan (4.2 ka)

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        Last chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.

        Age
        Olocene
      • Subatlantic

        Rango
        climato/palinostratigrafia
        Statuto
        termine informale
        In breve

        Current climatic/palynological stage of the postglacial European Quaternary (approximate age range: from 2800-2450 calBP = 850-500 BC to present).

        Age
        Olocene
      • Subboreal

        Rango
        climato/palinostratigrafia
        Statuto
        termine informale
        In breve

        Palynological stage of the postglacial European Quaternary (approximate age range: 5500-2800 calBP).

        Age
        Olocene
      • Northgrippian (8.2 ka)

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        Middle chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.

        Age
        Olocene
      • Atlantic

        Name Origin

        Warm and moist climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.

        Rango
        climato/palinostratigrafia
        Statuto
        termine informale
        In breve

        Palynological stage depicting a postglacial climatic optimum in Europe, and characterised by the presence of oak, elm, linden and iva (approximate range: 9000-5500 calBP).

        Age
        Olocene
      • Greenlandian (11.7 ka)

        Rango
        Sotto-Periodo cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine locale (informale)
        In breve

        First chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.

        Age
        Olocene
      • Boreal

        Name Origin

        Cold climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.

        Rango
        climato/palinostratigrafia
        Statuto
        termine informale
        In breve

        Palynological stage of the postglacial European Quaternary (approximate age range: 10200-9000 calBP).

        Age
        Olocene
      • Preboreal

        Name Origin

        Transitional climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.

        Rango
        climato/palinostratigrafia
        Statuto
        termine informale
        In breve

        Palynological stage of the postglacial European Quaternary, at the base of the Holocene (approximate age range: 11650-10200 calBP).

        Age
        Olocene
    • Pleistocene (2.58 Ma)

      Name Origin

      pleistos = le plus , kaïno = récent

      Rango
      Epoca cronostratigrafica
      Statuto
      termine formale valido
      In breve

      The Pleistocene is the first geochronologic epoch of the Quaternary, starting with the Gelasian age (at the transition from the Pliocene epoch) and ending with an unnamed age at the transition to the Holocene epoch. It is subdivided in three subepochs (Early, Middle and Late Pleistocene).

      Age
      Gelasiano
      • Late Pleistocene (129 ka)

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        The Late Pleistocene is the last geochronologic subepoch of the Pleistocene, comprising only one (unnamed) age. Its base was set at the start of the Eem Interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5e).

        Correlatively, the Late Pleistocene corresponds in Switzerland to the last interglacial–glacial cycle (Gondiswil Interglacial and Birrfeld Glacial).

        • Younger Dryas

          Name Origin

          Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.

          Rango
          climato/palinostratigrafia
          Statuto
          termine informale
          In breve

          Late glacial cold floral stage at the end of the Late Pleistocene (12900-11500 BP = 11000-9500 av. J.C.).

          Age
          Spätes Pleistozän
        • Allerød

          Name Origin

          Named after the town of Allerød (Denmark).

          Rango
          climato/palinostratigrafia
          Statuto
          termine informale
          In breve

          Warmer climatic oscillation of the late glacial Pleistocene (11800-11000 BP = 11400-10730 av. J.C.), identified on the basis of pollen analysis.

          Age
          Spätes Pleistozän
        • Older Dryas

          Name Origin

          Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.

          Rango
          climato/palinostratigrafia
          Statuto
          termine informale
          In breve

          Late glacial floral stage (12000-11800 BP = 11590-11400 av. J.C.)

          Age
          Spätes Pleistozän
        • Bølling

          Name Origin

          série de tourbes découvertes au lac Bølling, dans le Jutland central

          Rango
          climato/palinostratigrafia
          Statuto
          termine informale
          In breve

          Late glacial floral stage (13000-12000 BP = 11720-11590 av. J.C.).

          Age
          Spätes Pleistozän
        • Oldest Dryas

          Name Origin

          Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.

          Rango
          climato/palinostratigrafia
          Statuto
          termine informale
          In breve

          Ab ca. 18'000-15'000 BP, je nach Autor.

          Age
          Spätes Pleistozän
        • Eemian

          Name Origin

          Named after the river Eem in the area of the city of Amersfoort (Netherlands).

          Rango
          cronostratigrafia
          Statuto
          termine informale
          Nomenclatorial Remarks
          Riss-Würm interglacial (Alps), Ipswichian (United Kingdom), Mikulin interglacial (Russia), Valdivia interglacial (Chile), Sangamonian (North America)
          In breve
          Initial palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Late Pleistocene («Tarantian») of NW Europe, roughly corresponding to MIS-5e and to the Riss-Würm Interglacial.
          Age
          Spätes Pleistozän
      • Middle Pleistocene (774 ka)

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        The Middle Pleistocene is the middle geochronologic subepoch of the Pleistocene, comprising only the Chibanian age. Its base was set at the boundary between the Matuyama and Brunhes magnetostratigraphic epochs.

        In Switzerland the age of the Hochterrasse deposits roughly coincides with the Middle Pleistocene.

        • Chibanian

          Rango
          Piano cronostratigrafico
          Statuto
          termine formale valido
          In breve

          New stage name for the Middle Pleistocene.

          Age
          Mittleres Pleistozän
        • Saalian

          Name Origin

          Named after the river Saale (Deutschland).

          Rango
          cronostratigrafia
          Statuto
          termine informale
          In breve
          Terminal substage of the Middle Pleistocene of NW Europe, between Holsteinian and Eemian, characterised by cold climate (culminating in the Alpine region with the Riss glaciation).
          Age
          Mittleres Pleistozän
        • Holsteinian

          Name Origin

          Named after the Holstein region (N Germany).

          Rango
          cronostratigrafia
          Statuto
          termine informale
          Nomenclatorial Remarks
          Hoxnian (United Kingdom), Likhvinian (Russia)
          In breve
          Palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Middle Pleistocene (Ionian) of NW Europe, corresponding to MIS-11 and to the Mindel-Riss Interglacial.
          Age
          Mittleres Pleistozän
        • Elsterian

          Name Origin

          Named after the river Weisse Elster (E Germany), a tributary of the river Saale.

          Rango
          cronostratigrafia
          Statuto
          termine informale
          Nomenclatorial Remarks
          Anglian (United Kingdom), Okian (Russia)
          In breve
          Substage of the Middle Pleistocene of NW Europe, corresponding to MIS-12 and characterised by a cold climate (culminating in the Alpine region with the Mindel glaciation).
          Age
          Mittleres Pleistozän
        • Cromerian

          Name Origin

          Named after the East Anglian town of Cromer (UK).

          Rango
          cronostratigrafia
          Statuto
          termine informale
          In breve
          Initial palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Middle Pleistocene («Ionian») of NW Europe, encompassing several glacial/interglacial cycles under a relatively mild climate (Günz-Mindel Interglacial).
          Age
          Mittleres Pleistozän
      • Early Pleistocene (2.58 Ma)

        Rango
        cronostratigrafia
        In breve

        The Early Pleistocene is the first geochronologic subepoch of the Pleistocene, starting with the Gelasian age (at the transition from the Piacenzian age) and ending with the Calabrian age (at the transition to the Chibanian age). It is characterised by a predominantly reversed polarised paleomagnetic field (Matuyama) and the onset of large glacial fluctuations.

        Age
        Gelasiano
        • Calabrian (1.80 Ma)

          Name Origin

          Named after the Calabria region (Italy).

          Rango
          Piano cronostratigrafico
          Statuto
          termine formale valido
          In breve
          Second substage of the Early Pleistocene.
          Age
          Frühes Pleistozän
          • Sicilian

            Name Origin

            Named after Sicilia (Italia).

            Rango
            Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
            Statuto
            valido
            In breve
            Regional substage (= late Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
            Age
            Calabriano
          • Emilian

            Name Origin

            Named after the Emilia region (Italia).

            Rango
            Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
            Statuto
            valido
            In breve
            Regional substage (= middle Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
            Age
            Calabriano
          • Santernian

            Rango
            Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
            Statuto
            valido
            In breve
            Regional substage (= early Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
            Age
            Calabriano
        • Gelasian (2.58 Ma)

          Name Origin

          Named after the town of Gela (Italia), Sicilia.

          Rango
          Piano cronostratigrafico
          Statuto
          termine formale valido
          Age
          Frühes Pleistozän
  • Neogene (23.03 Ma)

    Name Origin

    neos = new , genos = birth

    Rango
    Periodo cronostratigrafico
    Statuto
    termine formale valido
    In breve

    The Neogene (formal name for the «late Tertiary») is the middle geochronologic period of the Cenozoic, starting with the Aquitanian age (at the transition from the Paleogene period) and ending with the Piacenzian age (at the transition to the Quaternary period). It is subdivided in two epochs (Miocene and Pliocene).

    Age
    Aquitaniano
    • Pliocene (5.333 Ma)

      Name Origin

      plios = plus , kaïno = récent

      Rango
      Epoca cronostratigrafica
      Statuto
      termine formale valido
      In breve

      The Pliocene is the last geochronologic epoch of the Neogene, starting with the Zanclean age (at the transition from the Miocene epoch) and ending with the Piacenzian age (at the transition to the Pleistocene epoch).

      Age
      Zancléen
      • Piacenzian (3.600 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the village of Piacenzia (Italia).

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        Age
        spätes Pliozän
      • Zanclean (5.333 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Derived from Zancla, the pre-Roman name for the town of Messina in Sicily (Italy).

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        First stage of the Pliocene.

        Age
        Pliozän
    • Miocene (23.03 Ma)

      Name Origin

      meios = less, kaïno = recent

      Rango
      Epoca cronostratigrafica
      Statuto
      termine formale valido
      In breve

      The Miocene is the first geochronologic epoch of the Neogene, starting with the Aquitanian age (at the transition from the Oligocene epoch) and ending with the Messinian age (at the transition to the Pliocene epoch).

      Age
      Aquitaniano
      • Messinian (7.246 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the town of Messina (Italia), Sicilia.

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        Last stage of the Miocene.

        Age
        spätes Miozän
      • Tortonian (11.63 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the city of Tortona (Italia), Piemonte.

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        Stage of the Late Miocene.

        Age
        spätes Miozän
      • Serravallian (13.82 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the town of Serravalle Scrivia (Italia), Piemonte.

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        Stage of the Middle Miocene.

        Age
        mittleres Miozän
      • Langhian (15.97 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the Langhe area north of Ceva (Italy).

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        Nomenclatorial Remarks
        <p>le Langhe (plural)</p>
        In breve

        Stage of the Middle Miocene.

        Age
        mittleres Miozän
        • Nördlinger-Ries-Impakt

          Statuto
          termine locale (informale)
          In breve
          Meteorischer Impakt im Grenzgebiet zwischen Schwäbischer Alb und Fränkischer Alb, der durch Coesit-führende Impaktite (insb. Suevit = Schwabenstein) und Tektite (sog. Moldavit) bewiesen wurde.
          Age
          Langhiano
      • Burdigalian (20.44 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the town of Bordeaux = Burdigala (Gironde, France).

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        Nomenclatorial Remarks
        <p>Latin: Burdigalia</p>
        In breve

        Second stage of the Miocene.

        Age
        frühes Miozän
      • Aquitanian (23.03 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the Aquitaine region (France).

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        First stage of the Miocene Series, and hence base of the Neogene System.

        Age
        frühes Miozän
  • Palaeogene (66.0 Ma)

    Name Origin

    palaeos = ancient , genos = birth

    Rango
    Periodo cronostratigrafico
    Statuto
    termine formale valido
    In breve

    The Paleogene (formal name for the «early Tertiary») is the first geochronologic period of the Cenozoic, starting with the Danian age (at the transition from the Cretaceous period) and ending with the Chattian age (at the transition to the Neogene period). It is subdivided in three epochs (Paleocene, Eocene and Oligocene).

    Age
    Daniano
    • Oligocene (33.9 Ma)

      Name Origin

      oligos = peu , kaïno = récent

      Rango
      Epoca cronostratigrafica
      Statuto
      termine formale valido
      In breve

      The Oligocene is the last geochronologic epoch of the Paleogene, starting with the Rupelian age (at the transition from the Eocene epoch) and ending with the Chattian age (at the transition to the Miocene epoch).

      Age
      Rupélien
      • Chattian (27.82 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the Chatti tribe (Deutschland).

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        Age
        Oligozän
      • Rupelian (33.9 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the Rupel river (Belgium).

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        First stage of the Oligocene. Its definition was originally based on the Rupel Group.

        Age
        frühes Oligozän
    • Eocene (56.0 Ma)

      Name Origin

      eos = aurore, début , kaïno = récent

      Rango
      Epoca cronostratigrafica
      Statuto
      termine formale valido
      In breve

      The Eocene is the middle geochronologic epoch of the Paleogene, starting with the Ypresian age (at the transition from the Paleocene epoch) and ending with the Priabonian age (at the transition to the Oligocene epoch). It is subdivided in four ages (Ypresian, Lutetian, Bartonian and Priabonian).

      Age
      Yprésien
      • Priabonian (37.71 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the village of Priabona (Italia), Vicenza.

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        Nomenclatorial Remarks
        <p>Parastratotypes à Ghenderle, Brendola, Mossano et Possagno (Cita 1969) ; calcaires marneux à Echinides de Priabona (Boussac 1909a)</p>
        In breve

        Last stage of the Eocene. Definition originally based on the «assises de la Granella», «groupe des couches à Orbitoides de Priabona» and «marnes de Brendola».

        Age
        spätes Eozän
      • Bartonian (~41 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the village of Barton-on-Sea (Hampshire, UK).

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        Second stage of the Middle Eocene. Its definition was originally based both on the Barton Beds (Hampshire) and the Sables d'Auvers-Beauchamp (Paris Basin).

        Age
        mittleres Eozän
        • Marinesian

          Name Origin

          Named after the village of Marines (Val-d'Oise, France)

          Rango
          Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
          Statuto
          termine locale (informale)
          In breve

          Second substage of the Bartonian in the Paris Basin. Original definition based on the «Sables de Marines». It corresponds to the Late Bartonian of the International Time Scale.

          Age
          Bartonien
        • Auversian

          Name Origin

          Named after the town of Auvers-sur-Oise (Val d'Oise, France) ; le stratotype des sablières du Bois-le-Roi est en cours d'aménagement.

          Rango
          Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
          Statuto
          termine locale (informale)
          Termine valido
          Bartonian
          In breve

          First substage of the Bartonian in the Paris Basin. It corresponds to the Early Bartonian of the International Time Scale.

          Age
          frühes Bartonien
      • Lutetian (47.8 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the town of Paris = Lutetia (France).

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        Second stage of the Eocene.

        Age
        mittleres Eozän
      • Ypresian (56.0 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the village of Ypres = Ieper(Belgium).

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        First stage of the Eocene.

        Age
        frühes Eozän
        • Cuisian

          Name Origin

          Named after the village of Cuise-la-Motte (Oise, France).

          Rango
          Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
          Statuto
          termine locale (informale)
          In breve
          Last, informal substage of the Ypresian.
          Age
          spätes Yprésien
        • Sparnacian

          Name Origin

          Named after the town of Épernay = Sparnacum (Marne, France).

          Rango
          Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
          Statuto
          termine locale (informale)
          In breve
          Early Ypresian of the Paris Basin.
          Age
          frühes Eozän
    • Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM)

      Rango
      climato/palinostratigrafia
      Statuto
      termine informale
      In breve
      Global thermal maximum marked by a strong negative anomaly in δ13C values at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary.
    • Paleocene (66.0 Ma)

      Name Origin

      palaeos = ancient , eos = dawn, kaïno = recent (i.e. Palaeo-Eocene, see Pulvertaft 1999)

      Rango
      Epoca cronostratigrafica
      Statuto
      termine formale valido
      In breve

      The Paleocene is the first geochronologic epoch of the Paleogene, starting with the Danian age (at the transition from the Late Cretaceous epoch) and ending with the Thanttian age (at the transition to the Eocene epoch). It is subdivided in three ages (Danian, Selandian and Thanetian).

      Age
      Daniano
      • Thanetian (59.2 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the Isle of Thanet (Kent, UK).

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        Last stage of the Paleocene.

        Age
        spätes Paläozän
      • Selandian (61.6 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the Zealand island (Denmark).

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        Age
        mittleres Paläozän
      • Danian (66.0 Ma)

        Name Origin

        Named after the Latin name for Denmark.

        Rango
        Piano cronostratigrafico
        Statuto
        termine formale valido
        In breve

        First stage of the Paleocene (and hence of the Cenozoic as well).

        Age
        frühes Paläozän
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