-
Quaternary (2.58 Ma)
- Rango
- Periodo cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Età
- Gelasiano - Olocene
- In breve
- Geological period beginning with the Gauss/Matuyama palaeomagnetic reversal and largely influenced by successive glacials in a context of increased global ice volume. In Switzerland one can assume that all of the (peri)glacial deposits belong to the Quaternary.
-
Holocene (11.7 ka)
- Name Origin
-
holos = fully, entirely , kaïno = recent
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Most recent stratigraphic unit referring to the warm episod that began with the end of the last glacial period.
- Age
- Olocene
-
Meghalayan (4.2 ka)
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Last chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.
- Age
- Olocene
-
Subatlantic
- Rango
- climato/palinostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- Current climatic/palynological stage of the European Quaternary (approximate age range: from 2800-2450 calBP = 850-500 BC to present).
- Age
- Olocene
-
Subboreal
- Rango
- climato/palinostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- Palynological stage of the European Quaternary (approximate age range: 5500-2800 calBP).
- Age
- Olocene
-
Northgrippian (8.2 ka)
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Middle chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.
- Age
- Olocene
-
Atlantic
- Name Origin
- Warm and moist climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.
- Rango
- climato/palinostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- Palynological stage depicting a climatic optimum in Europe, and characterised by the presence of oak, elm, linden and iva (approximate range: 9000-5500 calBP).
- Age
- Olocene
-
Greenlandian (11.7 ka)
- Rango
- Sotto-Periodo cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
-
First chronostratigraphic stage of the Holocene.
- Age
- Olocene
-
Boreal
- Name Origin
- Cold climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.
- Rango
- climato/palinostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- Palynological stage of the European Quaternary (approximate age range: 10200-9000 calBP).
- Age
- Olocene
-
Preboreal
- Name Origin
- Transitional climatic phase originally based on the study of Danish peat bogs.
- Rango
- climato/palinostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- Palynological stage of the European Quaternary, at the base of the Holocene (approximate age range: 11650-10200 calBP).
- Age
- Olocene
-
Pleistocene (2.58 Ma)
- Name Origin
- pleistos = le plus , kaïno = récent
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Gelasiano
-
Late Pleistocene (129 ka)
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
By definition, the Late Pleistocene corresponds to the last interglacial–glacial cycle (Gondiswil Interglacial and Birrfeld Glacial in Switzerland).
-
Younger Dryas
- Name Origin
-
Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.
- Rango
- climato/palinostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- Cold floral stage at the end of the Late Pleistocene (12900-11500 BP = 11000-9500 av. J.C.).
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Allerød
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Allerød (Denmark).
- Rango
- climato/palinostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- Warmer climatic oscillation of the late glacial Pleistocene (11800-11000 BP = 11400-10730 av. J.C.), identified on the basis of pollen analysis.
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Older Dryas
- Name Origin
-
Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.
- Rango
- climato/palinostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- (12000-11800 BP = 11590-11400 av. J.C.)
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Bølling
- Name Origin
- série de tourbes découvertes au lac Bølling, dans le Jutland central
- Rango
- climato/palinostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- Floral stage (13000-12000 BP = 11720-11590 av. J.C.).
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Oldest Dryas
- Name Origin
-
Named after the cold-climate wildflower Dryas octopetala Linnaeus.
- Rango
- climato/palinostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- Ab ca. 18'000-15'000 BP, je nach Autor.
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Eemian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the river Eem in the area of the city of Amersfoort (Netherlands).
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- Riss-Würm interglacial (Alps), Ipswichian (United Kingdom), Mikulin interglacial (Russia), Valdivia interglacial (Chile), Sangamonian (North America)
- In breve
- Initial palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Late Pleistocene («Tarantian») of NW Europe, roughly corresponding to MIS-5e and to the Riss-Würm Interglacial.
- Age
- Spätes Pleistozän
-
Middle Pleistocene (774 ka)
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
In Switzerland the age of the Hochterrasse deposits roughly coincides with the Middle Pleistocene.
-
Chibanian
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
New stage name for the Middle Pleistocene.
- Age
- Pleistocene medio
-
Saalian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the river Saale (Deutschland).
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- Terminal substage of the Middle Pleistocene of NW Europe, between Holsteinian and Eemian, characterised by cold climate (culminating in the Alpine region with the Riss glaciation).
- Age
- Pleistocene medio
-
Holsteinian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Holstein region (N Germany).
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- Hoxnian (United Kingdom), Likhvinian (Russia)
- In breve
- Palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Middle Pleistocene (Ionian) of NW Europe, corresponding to MIS-11 and to the Mindel-Riss Interglacial.
- Age
- Pleistocene medio
-
Elsterian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the river Weisse Elster (E Germany), a tributary of the river Saale.
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- Anglian (United Kingdom), Okian (Russia)
- In breve
- Substage of the Middle Pleistocene of NW Europe, corresponding to MIS-12 and characterised by a cold climate (culminating in the Alpine region with the Mindel glaciation).
- Age
- Pleistocene medio
-
Cromerian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the East Anglian town of Cromer (UK).
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- Initial palynostratigraphic subdivision of the Middle Pleistocene («Ionian») of NW Europe, encompassing several glacial/interglacial cycles under a relatively mild climate (Günz-Mindel Interglacial).
- Age
- Pleistocene medio
-
Early Pleistocene (2.58 Ma)
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- In breve
- Geological subepoch characterised by a predominantly reversed polarised paleomagnetic field (Matuyama) and the onset of large glacial fluctuations.
- Age
- Gelasiano
-
Calabrian (1.80 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Calabria region (Italy).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
- Second substage of the Early Pleistocene.
- Age
- Primo Pleistocene
-
Sicilian
- Name Origin
-
Named after Sicilia (Italia).
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- Regional substage (= late Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
- Age
- Calabriano
-
Emilian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Emilia region (Italia).
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- Regional substage (= middle Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
- Age
- Calabriano
-
Santernian
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- Regional substage (= early Calabrian, Early Pleistocene) in Italy.
- Age
- Calabriano
-
Gelasian (2.58 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Gela (Italia), Sicilia.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Primo Pleistocene
-
Neogene (23.03 Ma)
- Origine del nome
-
neos = new , genos = birth
- Rango
- Periodo cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Età
- Aquitaniano - Piacenziano
- In breve
-
Formal name for the «late Tertiary» period (Miocene and Pliocene).
-
Pliocene (5.333 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
plios = plus , kaïno = récent
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Zancleano
-
Piacenzian (3.600 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Piacenzia (Italia).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- tardo Plioceno
-
Zanclean (5.333 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Derived from Zancla, the pre-Roman name for the town of Messina in Sicily (Italy).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
First stage of the Pliocene.
- Age
- Pliocene
-
Miocene (23.03 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
meios = less, kaïno = recent
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Aquitaniano
-
Messinian (7.246 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Messina (Italia), Sicilia.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Last stage of the Miocene.
- Age
- tardo Miocene
-
Tortonian (11.63 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the city of Tortona (Italia), Piemonte.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Stage of the Late Miocene.
- Age
- tardo Miocene
-
Serravallian (13.82 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Serravalle Scrivia (Italia), Piemonte.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Stage of the Middle Miocene.
- Age
- Miocene medio
-
Langhian (15.97 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Langhe area north of Ceva (Italy).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>le Langhe (plural)</p>
- In breve
-
Stage of the Middle Miocene.
- Age
- Miocene medio
-
Burdigalian (20.44 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Bordeaux = Burdigala (Gironde, France).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>Latin: Burdigalia</p>
- In breve
-
Second stage of the Miocene.
- Age
- primo Miocene
-
Aquitanian (23.03 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Aquitaine region (France).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
First stage of the Miocene Series, and hence base of the Neogene System.
- Age
- primo Miocene
-
Palaeogene (66.0 Ma)
- Origine del nome
-
palaeos = ancient , genos = birth
- Rango
- Periodo cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Età
- Daniano - tardo Oligocene
- In breve
-
Formal name for the «early Tertiary» period (Paleocene, Eocene and Oligocene).
-
Oligocene (33.9 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
oligos = peu , kaïno = récent
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Rupeliano
-
Chattian (27.82 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Chatti tribe (Deutschland).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Oligocene
-
Rupelian (33.9 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Rupel river (Belgium).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
First stage of the Oligocene. Its definition was originally based on the Rupel Group.
- Age
- primo Rupeliano
-
Eocene (56.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
eos = aurore, début , kaïno = récent
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Ypresiano
-
Priabonian (37.71 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Priabona (Italia), Vicenza.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>Parastratotypes à Ghenderle, Brendola, Mossano et Possagno (Cita 1969) ; calcaires marneux à Echinides de Priabona (Boussac 1909a)</p>
- In breve
-
Last stage of the Eocene. Definition originally based on the «assises de la Granella», «groupe des couches à Orbitoides de Priabona» and «marnes de Brendola».
- Age
- tardo Eocene
-
Bartonian (~41 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Barton-on-Sea (Hampshire, UK).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Second stage of the Middle Eocene. Its definition was originally based both on the Barton Beds (Hampshire) and the Sables d'Auvers-Beauchamp (Paris Basin).
- Age
- Eocene medio
-
Marinesian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Marines (Val-d'Oise, France)
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
-
Second substage of the Bartonian in the Paris Basin. Original definition based on the «Sables de Marines». It corresponds to the Late Bartonian of the International Time Scale.
- Age
- Bartoniano
-
Auversian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Auvers-sur-Oise (Val d'Oise, France) ; le stratotype des sablières du Bois-le-Roi est en cours d'aménagement.
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- Termine valido
- Bartonian
- In breve
-
First substage of the Bartonian in the Paris Basin. It corresponds to the Early Bartonian of the International Time Scale.
- Age
- primo Bartoniano
-
Lutetian (47.8 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Paris = Lutetia (France).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Second stage of the Eocene.
- Age
- Eocene medio
-
Ypresian (56.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Ypres = Ieper(Belgium).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
First stage of the Eocene.
- Age
- primo Eocene
-
Cuisian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Cuise-la-Motte (Oise, France).
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
- Last, informal substage of the Ypresian.
- Age
- tardo Ypresiano
-
Sparnacian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Épernay = Sparnacum (Marne, France).
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
- Early Ypresian of the Paris Basin.
- Age
- primo Eocene
-
Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM)
- Rango
- climato/palinostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
- Global thermal maximum marked by a strong negative anomaly in δ13C values at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary.
-
Paleocene (66.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
palaeos = ancient , eos = dawn, kaïno = recent (i.e. Palaeo-Eocene, see Pulvertaft 1999)
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
-
Thanetian (59.2 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Isle of Thanet (Kent, UK).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Last stage of the Paleocene.
- Age
- tardo Paleocene
-
Selandian (61.6 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Zealand island (Denmark).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Paleocene medio
-
Danian (66.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Latin name for Denmark.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
First stage of the Paleocene (and hence of the Cenozoic as well).
- Age
- primo Paleocene
-
Cretaceous (~ 145 Ma)
- Origine del nome
-
Named derived from the characteristic chalk deposits (Latin: creta = craie, Kreide) of the Paris-London Basin.
- Rango
- Periodo cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Età
- Berriasiano - Maastrichtiano
-
Late Cretaceous (100.5 Ma)
-
Maastrichtian (72.1 +/-0.2 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Maastricht (Netherlands).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Last stage of the Cretaceous (and hence of the Mesozoic as well).
- Age
- Maastrichtiano
-
Campanian (83.6 +/-0.2 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Champagne de Saintonge (Charentes, France), near Cognac.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Campaniano
-
Santonian (86.3 +/-0.5 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the former province of Saintonge (Charentes, France).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Santoniano
-
Coniacian (89.8 +/-0.3 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Cognac (Charente-Maritime, France), where the historical stratotype lies.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Initially defined as the basal stage of the «Craie supérieure» (chalk ; cf. Cretaceous).
- Age
- Coniaciano
-
Turonian (93.9 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after Turonia, the Latine name for Tours (France), Indre-et-Loire.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Turoniano
-
Bonarelli level (OAE-2)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Italian geologist Guido Bonarelli (1871-1951).
- Rango
- OAE
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
-
Oceanic anoxic event at the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary (around 93 Ma ago) with a major impact on the chemistry of the oceans worldwide. This event correlates with a marine extinction event.
- Age
- Cenomaniano tardo
-
Cenomanian (100.5 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named atfer Cenomanum, the Latine name for Le Mans (France), Sarthe.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
First stage of the Late Cretaceous.
- Age
- Cenomaniano
-
-
Early Cretaceous (~ 145 Ma)
-
Albian (~ 113.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Aube region (France).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>Latin: Alba</p>
- In breve
-
Last stage of the Early Cretaceous.
- Age
- Albiano
-
Vraconnien
- Name Origin
-
La Vraconnaz = La Vraconne (VD), Saint-Croix
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine obsoleto (abbandonato)
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>Vraconnin (Mayer-Eymar 1885) = Albien moyen à tardif >< Rhotomagin = Vraconnien !</p>
- In breve
-
Local chronostratigraphic subdivision corresponding to the late Albian (and earliest Cenomanian).
- Age
- Albiano terminale
-
Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE 1d)
-
Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE 1c)
- Rango
- chemostratigrafia
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- Oceanic anoxic event of the Late Albian.
- Age
- Albiano medio
-
Paquier Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE 1b)
- Rango
- OAE
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
-
Oceanic anoxic event of the Early Albian.
- Age
- Spätestes Aptien
-
Aptian (~ 121.4 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Apt (Vaucluse, France).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Stage of the Early Cretaceous.
- Age
- Aptiano
-
Clansayésien
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Clansayes (Drôme, France).
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
- Local chronostratigraphic substage corresponding to the Late Aptian.
- Age
- Aptiano tardo
-
Gargasian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Gargas (Vaucluse, France).
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
- Local chronostratigraphic subdivision corresponding to the latest Early Aptian and to the Middle Aptian.
- Age
- Primo Aptiano
-
Bedoulian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of La Bédoule (Bouches-du-Rhône, France), near Cassis.
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- Termine valido
- Aptian
- In breve
- Local chronostratigraphic subdivision designating the Early Aptian. The Bedoulian, based on pelagic deposits (Marno-calcaires de la Bedoule), is approximately equivalent to the Rhodanian, which is based on littoral deposits.
- Age
- Primo Aptiano
-
Selli level (OAE 1a)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Italian geologist Raimondo Selli (1916-1983).
- Rango
- OAE
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
-
Oceanic anoxic event at the base of the Aptian (around 120 Ma ago) with a major impact on the chemistry of the oceans worldwide.
- Age
- Primo Aptiano
-
Barremian (~ 129.4 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Barrême (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
... based on the Marno-calcaires de Barrême.
- Age
- Barremiano
-
Hauterivian (~ 132.6 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Hauterive (NE), NE Neuchâtel.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Hauteriviano
-
Valanginian (~ 139.8 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Valangin (NE), at the upper end of the Gorges du Seyon (see also inventory of Swiss geotopes n°245).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>Valendis = ancien nom allemand de Valangin</p>
- In breve
-
Second stage of the Early Cretaceous.
- Age
- Valanginiano
-
Berriasian (~ 145 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Berrias (Ardèche, France).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>The Berriasella jacobi Zone was previously placed at the end of the Tithonian.</p>
- In breve
-
First stage of the Cretaceous.
- Age
- Berriasiano
-
-
Jurassic (201.3 +/-0.2 Ma)
- Origine del nome
-
Named after the Jura Mountains (France, Switzerland).
- Rango
- Periodo cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Età
- Hettangiano - Tithoniano
-
Late Jurassic (163.5 +/-1.0 Ma)
-
Tithonian (152.1 +/-0.9 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named derived from the Greek mythology: Tithon was the son of Laomedon of Troy, who fell in love with Eos, Greek goddess of the dawn (thus prefiguring the Cretaceous system).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>The Berriasella jacobi Zone, previously placed at the end of the Tithonian, is now considered as defining the start of the Berriasian.</p>
- In breve
-
Last stage of the Jurassic.
- Age
- Tithoniano
-
Kimmeridgian (157.3 +/-1.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Kimmeridge on the Dorset coast (UK). The Kimmeridge Clay Formation is the main oil source rock in the North Sea petroleum province.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Kimmeridgiano
-
Oxfordian (163.5 +/-1.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the city of Oxford (UK).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
First stage of the Late Jurassic.
- Age
- Oxfordiano
-
-
Middle Jurassic (174.1 +/-1.0 Ma)
-
Callovian (166.1 +/-1.2 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named derived from the old spelling of Kellaways Bridge (UK), Wiltshire, 2 miles NE Chippenham.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Last stage of the Middle Jurassic.
- Age
- Calloviano
-
Bathonian (168.3 +/-1.3 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Bath (Somerset, UK), near Bristol. The city itself is largely built of Bath Stone, a bright white oolithic limestone that is quarried nearby.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Third stage of the Middle Jurassic.
- Age
- Bathoniano
-
Bajocian (170.3 +/-1.4 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Bayeux (Calvados, France) in Normandy.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>Latin: Bajocium</p>
- In breve
-
Second stage of the Middle Jurassic.
- Age
- Bajociano
-
Gaetani Oceanic Anoxic Event
- Name Origin
-
Named in recognition of Maurizio Gaetani's work on Jurassic sedimentary successions of the Lombardy Basin.
- Rango
- OAE
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
-
Black shale interval locally developped at the transition betwenn the Rosso Ammonitico Lombardo and the Radiolarite Group.
- Age
- frühes Bajocien
-
Aalenian (174.1 +/-1.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Aalen (Germany), Baden-Württemberg
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
First stage of the Middle Jurassic.
- Age
- Aaleniano
-
-
Early Jurassic (201.3 +/-0.2 Ma)
-
Toarcian (182.7 +/-0.7 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Thouars (Deux-Sèvres, France), S Saumur. The protected stratotype lies in an old quarry.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>Latin: Toarcium</p>
- In breve
-
The Pliensbachian/Toarcian boundary is marked by a major faunal turnover and regional stratigraphic gaps, followed by a global Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE) recorded as black shales (such as the well-known «Posidonienschiefer» of Southern Germany, equivalent to the French «schistes-carton»).
- Age
- Toarciano
-
Late Toarcian
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Toarciano tardo
-
Middle Toarcian
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
- The Middle Toarcian is defined biostratigraphically by the ammonite genera Hildoceras and Haugia.
- Age
- Toarciano medio
-
Early Toarcian
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
The Early Toarcian is characterized almost worldwide by black shales (among which the well-known «Posidonienschiefer» of Southern Germany, and the French «schistes-carton») with an ammonite fauna composed mainly of dactylioceratids, harpoceratids and early hildoceratids.
- Age
- primo Toarciano
-
Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event
- Rango
- OAE
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
-
Major oceanic anoxic event of the Early Toarcian (around 183 Ma ago), documented by black shale deposits found on all major continents (no oceanic drilling cores have recovered black shales of this age as there is little or no Toarcian ocean crust remaining in the world ocean). This event correlates with a marine extinction event.
-
Pliensbachian (190.8 +/-1.0 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Pliensbach (Baden-Württemberg, S Germany), 30 km E Stuttgart.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Pliensbachiano
-
Domerian
- Name Origin
-
Named after Monte Domaro (Italia), Val Trompia / Lombardia.
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine informale
- In breve
-
Informal substage corresponding to the late Pliensbachian.
- Age
- Pliensbachiano tardo (= Domeriano)
-
Carixian
- Name Origin
-
Named after Charmouth (Dorset, UK).
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine informale
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- Latin: Carixium
- In breve
- First, informal substage of the Pliensbachian.
- Age
- primo Pliensbachiano (= Carixiano)
-
Sinemurian (199.3 +/-0.3 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Sémur-en-Auxois (Côte-d'Or, France).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>Latin: Sinemurium</p>
- Age
- Sinemuriano
-
Hettangian (201.3 +/-0.2 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Hettange (Moselle, N France), just south of the border with Luxembourg,
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
First stage of the Jurassic.
- Age
- Hettangiano
-
-
Triassic (251.902 +/- 0.024 Ma)
- Origine del nome
-
Name derived from the classical three-fold subdivision in the germanic facies realm.
- Rango
- Periodo cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Tectonically rather quiet period inbetween the Variscan and Alpine orogenic cycles. The first deposits are transgressive on a vast peneplain.
- Nota sul nome
-
die Trias (DE), le Trias (FR)
-
Late Triassic (~ 237 Ma)
-
Rhaetian (~ 208.5 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Rhaetian Alps (Switzerland, Austria and Italy)
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Retico
-
Norian (~ 227 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Noric Alps / Noricum (Latin): ancient Roman province south of the Danube River in present-day Austria.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Norico
-
Sevatian
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
-
Local substage corresponding to the Late Norian (Late Triassic).
- Age
- Norico
-
Alaunian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Hallaun people in Hollein (Tyrol, Austria).
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
-
Local substage corresponding to the Middle Norian (Late Triassic).
- Age
- Norico
-
Lacian
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
-
Local substage corresponding to the Early Norian (Late Triassic).
- Age
- Norico
-
Carnian (~ 237 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named atfer the Carnic Alps zwischen Austria and Italy (East Tyrol, Carinthia, Friuli and Veneto).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Carnico
-
-
Middle Triassic (247.2 Ma)
-
Ladinian (~ 242 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Ladini people of the Dolomites, N Italy.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Ladinico
-
Longobardian
- Name Origin
-
Name derived fromthe term Longobardi, designating the territories controlled by the Lombards in Italy.
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
- Last, informal substage of the Ladinian.
- Age
- Ladinico tardo
-
Fassanian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Val di Fassa (Italia).
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
- First, informal substage of the Ladinian. Originally based on the Buchenstein Beds, it corresponds to a major transgressive interval.
- Age
- Primo Ladinico
-
Anisian (247.2 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Enns (= Anisus) River at Grossreifling (Austrian Alps).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- <p>Virglorien supérieur</p>
- In breve
-
First stage of the Middle Triassic.
- Age
- Anisico
-
Illyrian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the antique region Illyria (western part of the Balkan Peninsula).
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
- Last substage of the Anisian (Middle Triassic).
- Age
- Anisico tardo
-
Pelsonian
- Name Origin
-
Named after Lake Pelso = Lake Balaton (Transdanubian region, Hungary.
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
- Third substage of the Anisian.
- Age
- Anisico
-
Bithynian
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Roman province Bithynia (NW Turkey).
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- In breve
- Second substage of the Anisian (Middle Triassic).
- Age
- Anisico
-
Aegean
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Aegean Sea (Greece).
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
- Nomenclatorial Remarks
- Ägäissches Meer = mer Égée
- In breve
- First substage of the Anisian (Middle Triassic).
- Age
- Primo Anisico
-
-
Early Triassic (251.902 +/-0.024 Ma)
-
Olenekian (251.2 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Olenek = Olenyok River, N Siberian Russia
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
In Europe the Olenekian is the time when the deposition of a large part of the Buntsandstein occured .
- Age
- Olenekiano
-
Spathian
- Name Origin
-
Leonard Frank Spath (1882-1957), British geologist and paleontologist.
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
-
Smithian
- Name Origin
- James Perrin Smith (1864-1931), US geologist and paleontologist.
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
-
Induan (251.902 +/-0.024 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Indus River in the Salt Range of Pakistan.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Induano
-
Dienerian
- Name Origin
-
Karl Diener (1862-1928), Austrian geologist, paleontologist and alpinist.
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
-
Griesbachian
- Name Origin
- Griesbach
- Rango
- Sotto-Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine locale (informale)
-
-
Permian (298.90 +/-0.15 Ma)
- Origine del nome
-
Named after the former Perm Governorate (Russia).
- Rango
- Periodo cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
-
Lopingian (259.51 +/-0.21 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Leping = Loping (Jiangxi Province, China).
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Wuchiapingian
-
Guadalupian (273.01 +/-0.14 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Guadalupe Mountains (Texas, USA).
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Roadian
-
Capitanian (264.28 +/-0.16 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Capitan Reef in the Guadalupe Mountains (Texas, USA).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Capitanian
-
Wordian (266.9 +/-0.4 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Word Formation (Word Ranch, Glass Mountains) of the North American Permian Basin.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Wordian
-
Roadian (273.01 +/-0.14 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Road Canyon Member of the Word Formation (Texas, USA).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Roadian
-
Cisuralian (298.9 +/-0.15 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Cisural Mountains (western, European part of the Ural Mountains).
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Asseliano
-
Kungurian (283.5 +/-0.6 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Kungur (Russia), near Perm.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Kungurian
-
Artinskian (290.1 +/-0.26 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Artinsk = Arti (Russia), S Perm.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Stage of the Early Permian.
- Age
- Artinskian
-
Sakmarian (293.52 +/-0.17 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Sakmara River (Russia).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Age
- Sakmarian
-
Asselian (298.9 +/-0.15 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Assel River, southern Ural Mountains (Kazakhstan / Bashkortostan).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
First stage of the Cisuralian and hence base of the Permian.
- Age
- Asseliano
-
Carboniferous (358.9 +/-0.4 Ma)
-
Pennsylvanian (323.2 +/-0.4 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Pennsylvania state (USA).
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
-
Late Carboniferous epoch.
- Age
- Bashkirian
-
Late Pennsylvanian (307.0 +/-0.1 Ma)
- Rango
- Sotto-Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- valido
-
Gzhelian (303.7 +/-0.1 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the village of Gzhel = Gjel (Russia), 50 km SE Moscow.
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
-
Kasimovian (307.0 +/-0.1 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Kasimov (Russia).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
-
Middle Pennsylvanian (315.2 +/-0.2 Ma)
- Rango
- Sotto-Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- valido
-
Early Pennsylvanian (323.2 +/-0.4 Ma)
- Rango
- Sotto-Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- valido
-
Mississippian (358.9 +/-0.4 Ma)
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
-
-
Devonian (419.2 +/-3.2 Ma)
- Rango
- Periodo cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
-
Late Devonien (382.7 +/-1.6 Ma)
-
Middle Devonian (393.3 +/-1.2 Ma)
- Rango
- Epoca cronostratigrafica
- Statuto
- valido
-
Givetian (387.7 +/-0.8 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the town of Givet (Ardennes, France).
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- In breve
- Second stage of the Middle Devonian, originally defined based on the Givet Limestone.
- Age
- Middle Devonian
-
Eifelian (393.3 +/-1.2 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Eifel region (Prusse rhénane)
- Rango
- Piano cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- valido
- Age
- Middle Devonian
-
Early Devonian (419.2 +/-3.2 Ma)
-
Silurian (443.8 +/-1.5 Ma)
-
Ordovician (485.4 +/-1.9 Ma)
-
Cambrian (538.8 +/-0.2 Ma)
- Origine del nome
-
Derived from the Latinised form of the Welsh name Cymru (Wales).
- Rango
- Periodo cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Età
- Cambriano
- In breve
-
First system (and hence base) of the Paleozoic.
- Nota sul nome
-
From the Old Welsh combrog = compatriot.
According to Geoffrey of Monmouth in the first part of his pseudohistory Historia Regum Britanniae, the Trojan Brutus had three sons among whom (having subdued Gogmagog) he divided his lands after landing in Britain. His elder son, Locrinus, received the land between the rivers Humber and Severn, which he called Loegria (a Latinization of the Welsh name Lloegr, "England"). His second son, Albanactus, got the lands beyond the Humber, which took from him the name of Albany (Yr Alban in Welsh: Scotland). The younger son, Camber, was bequeathed everything beyond the Severn, which was called after him "Cambria".
-
Proterozoic (2500 Ma)
- Rango
- Eon cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Età
- Proterozoico
- In breve
- ... banded iron stones (2800-1800 Ma), tillites (2600-2100, 850 and 600 Ma) ...
-
Neoproterozoic (1000 Ma)
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- Last era of the Proterozoic.
- Age
- Proterozoico
-
Ediacaran (~ 635 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
Named after the Ediacara Hills (South Australia).
- Rango
- Periodo cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- Last period of the Neoproterozoic (ca. 635-541 Ma), with a peculiar soft-bodied fauna.
- Age
- Neoproterozoic (= Late Proterozoic)
-
Cryogenian (~ 720 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
From krýos and génesis (Greek), meaning "cold" resp. "birth".
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- Middle period of the Neoproterozoic, characterised by cold climatic conditions («Snowball Earth» ; Sturtian and Marinoan glaciations). Its base has been defined chronometrically.
- Age
- Neoproterozoic (= Late Proterozoic)
-
Tonian (1000 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
From tóno (Greek), meaning "stretch".
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- First period of the Neoproterozoic. Its base has been defined chronometrically.
- Age
- Neoproterozoic (= Late Proterozoic)
-
Mesoproterozoic (1600 Ma)
-
Stenian (1200 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
From stenós (Greek), meaning "narrow".
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- Last period of the Mesoproterozoic, during which the supercontinent Rodinia assembled. Its base has been defined chronometrically.
- Age
- Mesoproterozoic (= Middle Proterozoic)
-
Ectasian (1400 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
From éktasis (Greek), meaning "extension".
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- Second period of the Mesoproterozoic. Its base has been defined chronometrically.
- Age
- Mesoproterozoic (= Middle Proterozoic)
-
Calymmian (1600 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
From kálymma (Greek), meaning "cover".
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
-
First period of the Mesoproterozoic. Its base has been defined chronometrically.
- Age
- Mesoproterozoic (= Middle Proterozoic)
-
-
Paleoproterozoic (2500 Ma)
-
Statherian (1800 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
From statherós (Greek), meaning "stable, firm".
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- Last period of the Paleoproterozoic. Its base has been defined chronometrically.
- Age
- Paleoproterozoic (= Early Proterozoic)
-
Orosirian (2050 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
From oroseirá (Greek), meaning "mountain range".
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
-
Third period of the Paleoproterozoic. Its base has been defined chronometrically.
- Age
- Paleoproterozoic (= Early Proterozoic)
-
Rhyacian (2300 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
From rhýax (Greek), meaning "stream of lava".
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- Second period of the Paleoproterozoic : Bushveld Igneous Complex, Huronian (Makganyene) global glaciation. Its base has been defined chronometrically.
- Age
- Paleoproterozoic (= Early Proterozoic)
-
Siderian (2500 Ma)
- Name Origin
-
From sídēros (Greek), meaning "iron".
- Rango
- cronostratigrafia
- Statuto
- valido
- In breve
- First period of the Paleoproterozoic, characterised by a peak in the deposition of banded iron formations (BIFs). Its base has been defined chronometrically.
- Age
- Paleoproterozoic (= Early Proterozoic)
-
-
Archean (4000 Ma)
- Origine del nome
- archeo (Latin): old (see also Grand Canyon, Colorado).
- Rango
- Eon cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Età
- Archeano
- In breve
- ... composed of granulites, green belts, non-metamorphic sedimentary rocks (argilites, arkoses, sandstones, rarely carbonates and evaporites), as well as first banded iron-stones.
-
Hadean (~ 4600 Ma)
- Origine del nome
-
Named after Hades, the Greek god of the underworld.
- Rango
- Eon cronostratigrafico
- Statuto
- termine formale valido
- Età
- Hadean