Ricerca

Deutsch: Oberpenninikum
Français: Pennique supérieur
Italiano: Pennidico superiore
English: Upper Penninic

The Upper Penninic subdomain contains mainly magmatic and sedimentary rocks derived from the Piemonte-Liguria Ocean. Some thin continental margin sedimentary series and small continental crust slices are intercalated within these units. All of these units were driven into a subduction zone under the Salassic nappes, some exposed to high-pressure metamorphic conditions, others remaining under lower pressure conditions.

série pennique supérieure (Argand 1911b), Oberpenninikum (Staub 1946), haut-pennique (Ellenberger 1953), Hochpenninikum (Rutsch et al. 1966), Hochpenninische Decken (Trümpy 1974), falde Pennidiche superiori (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), Obere Penninische Decken (Gruber et al. 2010), upper Pennine Alps (Ellis et al. 2016), Upper Penninic Subdomain (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Gornergrat-Decke
Français: Nappe du Gornergrat
Italiano: Falda del Gornergrat
English: Gornergrat Nappe

The Gornergrat Nappe is a thin tectonic unit located at the contact between the Middle and Upper Penninic in the Val d’Anniviers, Zermatt Valley and Valtournanche. It is composed of a series of Briançonnais-type Permian–Triassic sediments overlain by Jurassic breccias and limestone and calcschists probably of Cretaceous age (hence quite similar to that of the Mont Fort Nappe).

Gornergrat (VS)

Trias des Gornergrates = Gornergrat-Zone (Bearth 1953), Trias des Gornergrates = Normale Triasbedeckung des Altkristallins der Monte Rosa Teildecke (Rutsch et al. 1966), Gornergrat complex (Steck et al. 1979), Gornergrat-Serie (Bl. Randa, Müller 1983), Gornergrat zone (Lacassin 1984), Gornergrat Zone (Rubatto & Gebauer 1999), Gornergrat unit (Froitzheim 2001, Engi 2001, Ellis et al. 2016), Gornergrat nappe (De Meyer 2007), Gornergrat nappe = Gornergrat unit (Steck et al. 2015), Gornergrat-Decke (Bl. Saas), Gornergrat Nappe (TK500, Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Cimes-Blanches-Decke
Français: Nappe des Cimes Blanches
Italiano: Falda delle Cime Bianche
English: Cimes Blanches Nappe

The Cimes Blanches Nappe is a thin Upper Penninic tectonic unit intercalated within the Tsaté Nappe in the Val d’Anniviers, Zermatt Valley and Valtournanche. It is composed of a series of Briançonnais-type Permian–Triassic sediments overlain by Jurassic breccias and limestone and calcschists probably of Cretaceous age (hence quite similar to that of the Mont Fort Nappe).

Cimes Blanches = Cime Bianche (Italia)

Faisceau vermiculaire p.p. (Argand 1916), complesso triassico basale (Dal Piaz 1965), série des Cimes Blanches (Vannay & Allemann 1990), nappe des Cimes Blanches (Escher et al. 1993), nappe de décollement des Cimes Blanches (Sartori et al. 2006), unità Pancherot-Cime Bianche-Bettaforca (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), Unità Pancherot - Cime Bianche = Pancherot-Cime Bianche unit (Dal Piaz et al. 2015), Cimes Blanches nappe = Cimes Blanches unit (Steck et al. 2015), Cimes Blanches Nappe (TK500, Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Kammlistock-Decke
Français: Nappe du Kammlistock
Italiano: Falda del Kammlistock
English: Kammlistock Nappe

The Kammlistock Nappe is one of several small Lower Helvetic tectonic units of the Klausenpass region, wedged between the sedimentary series of the Aar massif and the Axen Thrust. It is constituted by Late Jurassic to Paleogene sediments that were deposited further south than the autochthonous-parautochthonous sediments of the Aar Massif, but still in the North Helvetic realm.

Kammlistock = Chammliberg (UR)

--- (Staub 1911, Schumacher 1928, Oberholzer 1933, Brückner 1943, Frey 1965), Kammlistock-Decke (Brückner 1946, Hantke et al. 2011), Chammlistock-Decke (Spillmann et al. 2011), Kammlistock Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Clariden-Schuppenkomplex
Français: Complexe d'écailles du Clariden
Italiano: Complesso di scaglie del Clariden
English: Clariden Slice Complex

The Clariden Slice Complex is one of several small Lower Helvetic tectonic units of the Klausenpass region, wedged between the sedimentary series of the Aar massif and the Axen Thrust. It is constituted by Late Jurassic to Paleogene sediments that were deposited further south than the autochthonous-parautochthonous sediments of the Aar Massif, but still in the North Helvetic realm.

Clariden (UR)/(GL)

Clariden-Elemente (Frey 1965 S.131), Clariden-Decke (Lienert et al. 2003), Clariden-Schuppenkomplex (Hantke et al. 2019), Clariden Slice Complex (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

non: Clariden-Decke (Staub 1954) = Kammlistock-Decke + Griesstock-Decke

Subhelvetische Schuppe

der Clariden (einzahl)

Deutsch: Unterhelvetikum
Français: Helvétique inférieur
Italiano: Elvetico inferiore
English: Lower Helvetic

The Lower Helvetic tectonic subdomain comprises all the sedimentary and crystalline units below the Glarus (eastern Switzerland), Axen (central Switzerland), Diablerets and Wildhorn major thrusts (western Switzerland). It corresponds to the External Crystalline Massifs and what was formerly called the “Infrahelvetic complex” that includes imbricates with North Helvetic facies as well as sedimentary nappes with South Helvetic to Ultrahelvetic facies.

Lower Helvetic (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Terziario

Deutsch: Wildhaus-Melange
Français: Mélange de Wildhaus
Italiano: Mélange di Wildhaus
English: Wildhaus Mélange

The Wildhaus Mélange overlies the Säntis Nappe in a large-scale synform north of the Walensee and consists of slices of Late Cretaceous and Paleogene strata of South Helvetic to Ultrahelvetic origin packed in a “wildflysch” matrix. Locally it is overlain by klippen of flysch of the Üntschen Nappe (Lower Penninic) or even of the Falknis Nappe (Middle Penninic).

Wildhaus (SG)

? Flysch der östliche Wildhausermulde (Forrer 1947), Wildhaus Mélange (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Rosswald-Schuppe
Français: Écaille de Rosswald
Italiano: Scaglia di Rosswald
English: Rosswald Slice

In the Brig area (upper Valais), the Rosswald Slice forms a large anticline together with the Roignais-Versoyen Slice. The Rosswald Slice is only present east of the Rhône-Simplon Fault and forms the normal, thrusting limb, extending further east at the border of the Lepontic units. It contains only the upper formation of the «Valaisan Flysch» (St-Christophe-Formation).

Rosswald (VS)

Rosswald Slice (TK500, Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Campo-Deckenkomplex
Français: Complexe de nappes de Campo
Italiano: Complesso di falde di Campo
English: Campo Nappe Complex

The Upper Austroalpine Campo Nappe Complex (formerly Campo Nappe s.l.), dominated largely by Variscan basement, occupied the same tectonic position as the Silvretta and S-charl-Sesvenna nappes during the Cretaceous orogeny. This nappe complex is composed of different nappes which have substantial petrological and structural differences.

Campo Nappe Complex (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Corvatsch-Schuppe
Français: Écaille du Corvatsch
Italiano: Scaglia del Corvatsch
English: Corvatsch Slice

The Corvatsch Slice, located southeast of the Engadine Fault, can be seen as the equivalent of the Err Nappe. It is predominantly made up of intensely deformed pre-Mesozoic basement. Its Mesozoic cover is only rarely preserved just below the overlying Bernina Nappe (e.g., at Fuorcla Surlej).

Piz Corvatsch (GR)

Grevasalvas-Corvatsch-Teildecke (Naef 1987), Corvatsch-Teildecke (Spillmann 1993), Corvatsch Slice (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)