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Deutsch: Ordovicien
Français: Ordovicien
Italiano: Ordoviciano
English: Ordovician (485.4 +/-1.9 Ma)

The Ordovician is the second geochronologic period of the Paleozoic, starting with the Tremadocian age (at the transition from the Cambrian period) and ending with the Hirnantian age (at the transition to the Silurian period). It is subdivided in three epochs (Early, Middle and Late Ordovician).

Silurique moyen p.p. (Mayer-Eymar 1888), Ordovizium, Ordoviz

Deutsch: Paleozän
Français: Paléocène
Italiano: Paleocene
English: Paleocene (66.0 Ma)

The Paleocene is the first geochronologic epoch of the Paleogene, starting with the Danian age (at the transition from the Late Cretaceous epoch) and ending with the Thanttian age (at the transition to the Eocene epoch). It is subdivided in three ages (Danian, Selandian and Thanetian).

palaeos = ancient , eos = dawn, kaïno = recent (i.e. Palaeo-Eocene, see Pulvertaft 1999)

--- (Schimper 1874), Paléocène (Denizot et al. 1957), Paleocän, Paleocaen

Deutsch: Eozän
Français: Eocène
Italiano: Eocene
English: Eocene (56.0 Ma)

The Eocene is the middle geochronologic epoch of the Paleogene, starting with the Ypresian age (at the transition from the Paleocene epoch) and ending with the Priabonian age (at the transition to the Oligocene epoch). It is subdivided in four ages (Ypresian, Lutetian, Bartonian and Priabonian).

eos = aurore, début , kaïno = récent

Eocene (Lyell 1833), Eocène (Denizot et al. 1957), Eocän, Eocaen

Deutsch: Frühe Trias
Français: Trias précoce
Italiano: Triassico primo
English: Early Triassic (251.902 +/-0.024 Ma)

The Early Triassic is the first geochronologic subepoch of the Triassic, starting with the Induan age (at the transition from the Lopingian subepoch) and ending with the Olenekian age (at the transition to the Middle Triassic subepoch). It is officially subdivided in two ages (Induan and Olenekian).

Eotrias (Hirsch 1966)

Deutsch: Klippen-Decke
Français: Nappe des Préalpes Médianes
Italiano: Falda delle Préalpes Médianes
English: Préalpes Médianes Nappe

The Préalpes Médianes Nappe (also called Klippen-Decke in German) is a Middle Penninic tectonic unit located in the central part of the Prealps. It is subdivided into an external part, called the Préalpes Médianes Plastiques, and an internal part, the Préalpes Médianes Rigides.

Position médiane de la nappe au coeur du faisceau préalpin, préservée sous forme d'une série de «klippes» (ou «môles») tectoniques.

Préalpes Médianes (Lugeon 1896, Python-Dupasquier 1990), Mittlere Voralpenzone / Kalkketten (Paulcke 1906), digitation des préalpes médianes (Sarasin & Collet 1907), les "Médianes", Préalpes Médianes-Decke (Hable 1997), Klippendecke (Beck 1922, Labhart), Klippen nappe

Klippen = môles (Rollier 1923)

Deutsch: Mittelpleistozän
Français: Pléistocène moyen
Italiano: Pleistocene medio
English: Middle Pleistocene (774 ka)

The Middle Pleistocene is the middle geochronologic subepoch of the Pleistocene, comprising only the Chibanian age. Its base was set at the boundary between the Matuyama and Brunhes magnetostratigraphic epochs.

In Switzerland the age of the Hochterrasse deposits roughly coincides with the Middle Pleistocene.

Mittel-Pleistozän (Keller & Krayss 2010)

Deutsch: Cully-Schuppe
Français: Écaille de Cully
Italiano: Scaglia di Cully
English: Cully Slice

The Cully Slice, composed of Cornalle Sandstone, is overthrust (to the NW) onto the Molasse Rouge of the Lutry-Thonon Slice along the Grandvaux Fault. The Riex-Bahyse Fault separates it upwards (to the SE) from the Lavaux Slice (made up of Cornalle Sandstone as well).

Cully (VD)

Deutsch: «Cenoman-Randschuppe»
Français: «Cenoman-Randschuppe»
Italiano: «Cenoman-Randschuppe»
English: «Cenoman-Randschuppe»

The Cenoman-Randschuppe consists of an imbricate zone of slivers formed at the active margin between the Adriatic continental plate and the Piemonte-Liguria Ocean. It lies at the northern rim of the Upper Austroalpine (Northern Calcareous Alps) and consists of flysch-like coarse-grained deposits.

Cenomane Randschuppe (Tollmann 1970, Gaupp 1980), Randcenoman (Isler & Pantic 1980), Kalkalpine-Randzone (Winkler 1987, Lüdin 1987), Cenoman-Randschuppe (Gruber et al. 2010, TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024))

Deutsch: Gotthard-Decke
Français: Nappe du Gothard
Italiano: Falda del Gottardo
English: Gotthard Nappe

The Gotthard Nappe, extending from Brig in Valais to Ilanz in Graubünden, is an Upper Helvetic tectonic unit with a crystalline core (former “Gotthard Massif”) consisting of pre-Caledonian and pre-Variscan para- and orthogneisses, as well as Late Variscan granitic intrusions. The sedimentary cover of this nappe varies from place to place: “Urseren-Garvera Zone” (including "Goms Massif") at the northern border of the nappe, “Termen Zone” and “Nufenen Zone” at the southern border between Brig and Airolo.

Gotthardpass = Passo del San Gottardo (TI)

Gotthard-Massiv auct., massif du Gotthard (Argand 1911b), Gotthardmassiv (Bosshard 1925), massiccio del San Gottardo (Godenzi 1963), nappe du Saint-Gotthard, massif du Gothard (Trümpy 1970), Gotthardmassiv = Gotthard-«Massiv» (Büchi & Trümpy 1976), Gotthard massif (Mercolli et al. 1994), Gotthard-«Massiv» = Gotthard-Decke = Gotthard-Einheit = Gotthard Unit (Labhart 2005), Gotthard Nappe (Berger et al. 2017, Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Aiguilles-Rouges-Massiv
Français: Massif des Aiguilles Rouges
Italiano: Massiccio delle Aiguilles Rouges
English: Aiguilles Rouges Massif

The Aiguilles Rouges Massif is a Lower Helvetic External Massif of the French and Western Swiss Alps. It is constituted of a pre-Variscan polycyclic basement (Precambrian to Early Cretaceous) intruded by Variscan granites, of Permo-Carboniferous metasediments and of a Mesozoic–Cenozoic sedimentary cover. The Aiguilles Rouges Massif is separated from the Belledonne Massif by the axial depression of the Val Montjoie and from the Mont Blanc Massif by a thin band of Mesozoic sediments often («Chamonix Syncline»).

Aiguilles Rouges de Chamonix (France)

Gruppe der Aiguilles Rouges = Centralmasse der Aiguilles Rouges (Gerlach 1871), massif des Aiguilles Rouges de Chamonix (Argand 1911b), massif cristallin des Aiguilles Rouges (Collet et al. 1952), Aiguilles Rouges Massiv (Büchi & Trümpy 1976), Aiguilles Rouges massif (von Raumer & Bussy 2004), Aiguilles Rouges Massif (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)