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Deutsch: Archaikum
Français: Archéen
Italiano: Archeano
English: Archean (4031 +/-3 Ma)

The Archean is the middle geochronologic eon of the Precambrian (between the Hadean and the Proterozoic). It is subdivided in four eras (Eo-, Paleo-, Meso- and Neoarchean).

... composed of granulites, green belts, non-metamorphic sedimentary rocks (argilites, arkoses, sandstones, rarely carbonates and evaporites), as well as first banded iron-stones.

archeo (Latin): old (see also Grand Canyon, Colorado).

Archean (Dana 1876), Archaikum = Urzeit (Roesli 1948), Archaean, Archæan, Archeozoic

Deutsch: Brekzien-Decke
Français: Nappe de la Brèche
Italiano: Falda della Breccia
English: Breccia Nappe

The Breccia Nappe is a Middle Penninic tectonic unit of the Prealps, overlying the Préalpes Médianes Nappe and being itself overlain by Upper Penninic units. Its stratigraphic sequence spans the Triassic to the Paleocene and is characterized by two thick formations of Jurassic breccias giving the nappe its name.

Nom dérivé de l'abondance des niveaux bréchiques, souvent grossiers.

brèche jurassique du Chablais et de la Hornfluh = région de la brèche = brèche de la Hornfluh = nappe de la brèche (Schardt 1893), Brèche du Chablais (Lugeon 1904), nappe de la Brèche Chablais-Hornfluh (Jaccard 1904), Chablais-Hornfluh-Decke (Alb. Heim), Mittlere Flyschzone = Breccienzone (Paulcke 1906), nappe de la Brèche de la Hornfluh (Jaccard 1907), Zône de la Hornfluh (de Girard 1907), nappe de la Brèche du Chablais-Hornfluh (Sarasin & Collet 1907), nappe de la Brèche (Schardt 1893, Lugeon 1896, Dall'Agnolo 2000), Hornfluhdecke (Beck 1922), «traîneau écraseur» (Gagnebin 1934), nappe de la Brèche du Chablais (de Trey & Trümpy 1952), Breccien-Decke (Trümpy 1974), Brecciendecke (Steeb 1987) Brekziendecke (Dall'Agnolo 1997, Labhart)

Deutsch: Camughera-Decke
Français: Nappe de la Camughera
Italiano: Falda della Camughera
English: Camughera Nappe

The Camughera Nappe is a Middle Penninic tectonic unit located in the region of Domodossola. It consists of rocks similar to the crystalline basement of the Siviez-Mischabel Nappe and may be the continuation of this nappe. It is folded by the large Vanzone Antiform and overlies the Ruginenta Nappe.

Cima Camughera (Italia)

massif de Camughero = nappe IV (Argand 1911b), Camughera-Lappen (Blumenthal 1952), Camughera-Moncucco-Komplex (Bearth 1956), complexe du Camoghera-Moncucco (Trümpy 1970), sistema radicale Camughera-Moncucco = unità "radicali" di Camughera-Moncucco = unità continentale di Camughera (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), unité de Camughera = nappe de Camughera (Carrupt & Schlup 1998), Camughera-Moncucco unit (Keller et al. 2005), Camughera unit (Steck 2008), Camughera unit = Camughera-Verosso-Siviez-Mischabel nappe (Steck et al. 2015), Camughera Nappe (TK500, Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Ardon-Decke
Français: Nappe d'Ardon
Italiano: Falda di Ardon
English: Ardon Nappe

The Ardon Nappe is a Lower Helvetic tectonic nappe of the Western Swiss Alps, situated on the north side of the Rhône between Ardon and the Mont Gond, below the Diablerets Thrust. It is rooted on the internal Mont Blanc Massif. This very thin unit is mainly constituted of Early Cretaceous sediments.

Ardon (VS)

anticlinal d’Izigière p.p. (Lugeon 1916), nappe d'Ardon (Masson 1980, Escher et al. 1987, Sartori & Epard 2011), Ardon Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Ruginenta-Decke
Français: Nappe de Ruginenta
Italiano: Falda di Ruginenta
English: Ruginenta Nappe

The Ruginenta Nappe is a Middle Penninic tectonic unit of the Western Alps, occuring between the Moncucco Nappe and the Camughera Nappe in the huge Vanzone Antiform (south of the Simplonpass). It consists of a polycyclic basement intruded by a granite and overlain by a Carboniferous–Triassic sedimentary cover.

Ruginenta (Italia), Valle d'Antrona

Ruginenta unit (Steck 2008), Ruginenta unit = Ruginenta nappe (Steck et al. 2015), Ruginenta Nappe (TK500, Gouffon et al. 2024)

zone du Moncucco p.p.

Deutsch: Vorberg-Zone (des Oberrhein-Grabens)
Français: Zone des collines bordières (du fossé du Haut-Rhin)
English: Foothill zone (of the Upper Rhine Graben)

The Vorberg Zone encompasses blocks of Mesozoic platform sediments lowered along steep normal faults at the rift-internal sides of the Upper Rhine Graben (e.g., Isteiner Klotz north of Basel).

siehe Wikipedia

Vorbergzone (Hinsken 2003), Foothill zone, zone des collines bordières

Deutsch: Knorren-Melange
Français: Mélange de Knorren
Italiano: Mélange di Knorren
English: Knorren Mélange

The Knorren Mélange is a tectonic mélange situated in the lower limb of the Niemet-Beverin Backfold, at the contact between the Schams Nappe Complex and the Tambo Nappe.

Knorren = Chnorra (GR)

Knoren-Melange [sic] (Bl. Hinterrhein + Splügenpass), mélange de Knorren (Mayerat Demarne 1994)

Für die Schweiz: das Melange (Duden: die Melange).

Deutsch: Rothorn-Decke
Français: Nappe du Rothorn
Italiano: Falda del Rothorn
English: Rothorn Nappe

The small Rothorn Nappe, with a basement-cover sequence, directly underlies the Upper Austroalpine Schiahorn Nappe in the southwestern part of the Prättigau Half-Window, between Tiefencastel and Arosa.

Parpaner Rothorn (GR)

Parpaner Stück (Spitz 1917), Rothornschuppe (Alb. Heim 1922), Rothornkristallin = Rothorn-Schuppe (Gees 1954), Rothorn-Kristallin (Streckeisen 1986), Rothorn-Schuppe (Pfiffner 2015), Rothorn-Decke (Signer et al. 2018), Rothorn Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

USM-III

Deutsch: Büebig-Mergel
Français: Marne du Büebig
Italiano: Marna di Büebig
English: Büebig Marl

Mergelzone im unteren Teil der Sommersberg-Schüttung mit vereinzelten Geröllschüttungen.

Büebigtobel (SG), westlich Alstätten

Büebigbachmergelzone = Mergelzone des Büebigbachs (Hofmann 1957a), Gais / Büebig-Mergel (Berli 1985)

Dogger (Jura)

Deutsch: «Gryphiten-Kalk»
Français: «Calcaire à Gryphaea calceola»

Sommet marno-gréseux des «Couches à Murchisonae», pétri de Gryphées.

Namengebendes Fossil (Bivalvia): Gryphaea calceolata.

Gryphitenkalk = calcaire à Gryphaea calceola (Théobald 1948)