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Deutsch: Tonale-Störung
Français: Faille du Tonale
Italiano: Faglia del Tonale
English: Tonale Fault

The Tonale Fault, formed by dextral shearing under ductile and later brittle conditions, is part of the Periadriatic Fault System. It separates the Austroalpine units of the Central Alps in the north from the South Alpine units in the south.

Passo del Tonale (Italia)

faille du Tonale (Henny 1918), accident du Tonale, Jorio-Tonale, Iorio-Tonale-Linie = Insubriche Linie (Knoblauch & Reinhard 1939), Tonale-Linie = Tonale-Störung (Büchi & Trümpy 1976), Tonale-Centovalli (Boriani et al. 1990), Faglia del Tonale (Scesia 1991), Steilzone nördlich des Veltins ~ Tonale Linie (Spillmann 1993), Tonale Fault = Tonale-Störung = Faille du Tonale (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Egg-Schichten

Südlichere, küstennähere Fazies der Baustein-Schichten.

Egg (Österreich)

Eggschichten (Heim & Baumberger 1928, Friebe et al. 2007)

OMM-I

Deutsch: «Cardien-Schichten» (OMM-I)
Français: «Couches à Cardium» (OMM-I)
Italiano: «Strati a Cardium» (OMM-I)
English: «Cardium Beds» (OMM-I)

OMM-I des nördlichen Kantons Zürich.

Namengebendes Fossil: Muschelgattung Cardium (insb. der Art Cardium commune)

Cardien-Schichten (Rollier 1903a, Hug 1907, Habicht 1987), Burdigalien (Bendel ----, von Braun 1954), Untere burdigale Sandsteinzone + Muschelsandstein + Obere burdigale Sandsteinzone (Büchi 1958a), Glaukonitsandstein (Hofmann 1967b)

Deutsch: Ampfing-Sandstein
Français: Grès d'Ampfing
Italiano: Arenaria di Ampfing
English: Ampfing Sandstone

Mittel- bis grobkörniger, feldspatführender, bioklastischer Sandstein.

Ampfing (Deutschland), Oberbayern

Ampfinger Sandstein (Füchtbauer 1964, Hahn 1967), Ampfinger Schichten (Prey 1957, Müller 1978), Ampfinger Formation (Wagner 1996), Ampfing-Formation (Piller et al. 2022)

Deutsch: Sulzfluh-Decke
Français: Nappe de la Sulzfluh
Italiano: Falda della Sulzfluh
English: Sulzfluh Nappe

The Middle Penninic Sulzfluh Nappe (together with the tectonically lower Falknis Nappe) discontinuously overlies thick Lower Penninic «Bündnerschiefer» and flysch of the Tomül Nappe in the Prättigau Half-Window. It consists of a series of Early Jurassic to Paleogene sediments of Briançonnais origin, with Late Jurassic sediments only represented by massive limestone (instead of breccia as in the Falknis Nappe). In a few places, crystalline basement lenses occur at the base of the Sulzfluh Nappe.

Gipfel der Sulzfluh (GR)

Zone des Sulzfluhkalkes (Seidlitz ---), Sulzfluhteildecke (Cadisch et al. 1919, Cadisch 1922), Sulzfluhdecke (Staub 1934, Gees 1954), Sulzfluh Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024), von Seidlitz 1906, Tollmann 1970, Burger 1978, Biehler 1990, Nagel 2006

Deutsch: «Phyllitgneiszone»
Français: «Phyllitgneiszone»
Italiano: «Phyllitgneiszone»
English: «Phyllitgneiszone»

The “Phyllitgneiszone” is a narrow belt of low-grade basement representing the northern, strongly retrogressed and phyllonitic part of the Silvretta Nappe.

Phyllitgneis (Schmidegg 1959, Hoernes & Purtscheller 1970), nördliche Phyllitgneis-Zone (Trümpy 1972), --- (Amann 1985, Rockenschaub 1990), Phyllite gneiss zone, Phyllitgneiszone (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Gälmji-Zone
Français: Zone de Gälmji
Italiano: Zona di Gälmji
English: Gälmji Zone

The Gälmji Zone is a Middle Penninic tectonic unit of the Western Alps, lying between the Sion-Courmayeur Nappe and the Berisal Nappe in the large synformal Berisal Backfold, to the northeast of the Simplonpass. It forms a thin band of green gneisses and micaschists comparable to those of the Visperterminen and Lower Stalden slices (Zone Houillère). Thick amphibolite layers are interbedded in these metasediments, and scarce remains of Triassic sediments represent the rest of the sedimentary cover. This unit is interpreted to be a metamorphic equivalent of the Zone Houillère east of the Rhône-Simplon Fault.

Gälmji (VS)

Zone de Gälmji = Permo-Carbonifère (Jeanbourquin & Burri 1989, Jeanbourquin & Burri 1991), Zone de Gälmji (Ackermann et al. 1991), Zone von Gälmji (Burri et al. 1994), Gälmji-Zone (Zone Houillère) = Gälmji schist (Steck 2008), Gälmji Zone (TK500, Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Unterostalpin
Français: Austroalpin inférieur
Italiano: Austroalpino inferiore
English: Lower Austroalpine

The Lower Austroalpine comprises tectonic units that are derived from the former distal continental margin of the Adriatic plate, which was affected by Jurassic extensional detachment faults. The strongly deformed pre- and syn-rift strata became intensely reshaped and reworked during the closure of the Piemonte-Liguria Ocean and subsequent Alpine continental collision.

The facies of syn- and post-rift sediments of the Lower Austroalpine has remarkable similarities with those found in the Canavese area around the town of Ivrea, which is a part of the South Alpine derived of the western part of the Adria.

Unterostalpin (Hoek 1906), unterostalpine = grisonide Elemente (Roesli 1946), Unterostalpine Decken (Trümpy 1974), Lower Austroalpine = LAA (Furrer et al. 1985), Unterostalpin = UOA (Frank 1986, Naef 1987), Austroalpino inferiore (Montrasio et al. 2012), Lower East Alpine, Lower Austroalpine (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Leventina-Lucomagno-Decke
Français: Nappe de la Leventina-Lucomagno
Italiano: Falda della Leventina-Lucomagno
English: Leventina-Lucomagno Nappe

The Leventina-Lucomagno Nappe is the lowest unit of the Eastern Lepontic (Ticino Culmination). It consists of a Late Variscan magmatic edifice (“Leventina Unit”) covered by a thick stack of paragneisses and micaschists (“Lucomagno Unit”). Sparse quartzitic gneisses (“roof quartzites”) occur at the boundariy between these units and were interpreted as being Mesozoic in age by several authors and hence used to discriminate between a “Leventina Nappe” and a “Lucomagno Nappe”. However, these quartz-rich horizons above the orthogneisses form metasomatically altered zones – in places sheared – and cannot be considered as Mesozoic metasediments.

--- Preiswerk & Grütter 1936, Nabholz 1954, Dal Vesco 1964, Badoux 1967), ricoprimento Leventina-Lucomagno = complesso Leventina–Lucomagno = unità Leventina–Lucomagno (Bianconi 1971), Leventina-Lucomagno Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024), Falda della Leventina-Lucomagno = Leventina-Lucomagno-Decke (Bl. Osogna)

Deutsch: Axen-Überschiebung
Français: Chevauchement de l'Axen
English: Axen Thrust

The Axen Thrust is a major out-of-sequence thrust of the second deformation phase of the Helvetic, which cuts the entire structural framework formed during the first deformation phase. It separates the Lower Helvetic (below) from the Upper Helvetic (above).

Axen Thrust (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)