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Deutsch: Verampio-Decke
Français: Nappe de Verampio
Italiano: Falda di Verampio
English: Verampio Nappe

The Verampio Nappe is the lowest Lepontic unit of the Toce Culmination, cropping out as a tectonic window beneath the Antigorio Nappe in the Valle Antigorio and Valle Devero (Italy).

Verampio (Valle Antigorio, Italia)

anticlinal de Verampio (Argand 1911b carte et planches), Verampiodecke (Grütter 1929), cupola di Verampio (Toce) (Hermann 1937), Fenster von Verampio (Wieland 1966), zone de Verampio (Escher et al. 1987), cupola di Verampio = elemento zero (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), nappe n°0 (Carrupt 2003), Verampio unit = Verampio nappe = Verampio fold nappe (Steck et al. 2013), Verampio Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Anzeinde-Decke
Français: Nappe d'Anzeinde
Italiano: Falda di Anzeinde
English: Anzeinde-type slivers

Within the Upper Helvetic Pillon Mélange Zone, the Anzeinde-type slivers (composed of a Malm-Cretaceous series) often overly the Plaine Morte Mélange.

Tour d'Anzeinde / Anzeindaz (VD)

lame du Néocomien à céphalopodes (Renevier ----), nappe de la Tour d'Anzeinde (Lugeon 1925), Nappe de la Tour d'Anzeinde (Gabus 1958), grandes lentilles de Jurassique supérieur et de Néocomien = nappe de la Tour d'Anzeinde (Badoux 1963), Nappe d'Anzeinde (Jeanbourquin & Goy-Eggenberger 1991), Tour d'Anzeinde-Decke (Furrer et al. 1956), Anzeinde-type slivers (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Präalpine Decken
Français: nappes préalpines
English: Prealpine nappes

From a geological point of view, the Prealps encompass Penninic nappes occuring as klippen resting in front or on top of the Helvetic nappes and which experienced a tectono-metamorphic history distinct from that of the Penninic units located further south in the internal part of the Alps. They consist of sedimentary rocks, originating from regions located further south than the European continental margin.

Préalpes romandes = zone du Chablais et du Stockhorn = zone du Stockhorn = Alpes calcaires du versant nord des Alpes = Préalpes du Chablais et du Stockhorn = nappe du Chablais et du Stockhorn = nappe de recouvrement du Chablais-Stockhorn = nappe du Chablais = nappe chablaisienne = nappe du Stockhorn (Schardt 1893), Chablais-Decken (Vonderschmitt 1935), Voralpen, Pre-Alps, Präalpen (Trümpy 1974), nappes préalpines (Plancherel 1998), Prealps (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Tertiary Magmatism

Deutsch: Novate-Pluton
Français: Pluton de Novate
Italiano: Plutone di Novate
English: Novate Pluton

The main stock of the Novate Intrusion partially cuts the Bregaglia Intrusion while smaller parts lie just west of it. The Novate Intrusion is younger in age (24 Ma, Liati et al. 2000) and consists of a leucogranite. Its peraluminous chemical composition suggests that this granite is not related to the calc-alkaline Bregaglia suite, but was derived from the partial melting of crustal rocks that are widespread in the Southern Steep Belt – or root zone – north of the Tonale Fault.

Novate (Italia), Lago di Mezzola

--- (Cornelius 1915), Feinkörniger Novategranit (Staub 1921), feinkörniger Novate-Typus (Staub 1946), Granit von Novate-Mezzola (Wenk 1956, Weber 1957), Novate-Granit (Bucher-Nurminen 1970), Novate granite and aplites (Gulson 1973), Novate-Granit-Stock (Heitzmann 1974), Novate granite (Hansmann 1996), Granito di Novate (Liati et al. 2000), Novate Stock (Berger & Mercolli 2007), Novate Intrusion = Novate-Intrusionskörper = Intrusion de Novate (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Vulkanodetritische Serie von Biella
Français: Série volcano-détritique de Biella
Italiano: Serie vulcano-detritica di Biella
English: Biella Volcanic Suite

The Biella Volcanic Suite is an Oligocene volcano-sedimentary series covering the most internal portion of the Sesia Nappe along the Canavese Fault in the Biella region. These mostly calc-alkaline andesitic rocks were deposited onto an erosional surface of the Eclogitic Micaschist Unit of the Sesia Nappe 33–32 Ma ago.

Biella (Italia)

volcanites permiennes du Biellese-Val Sesia (Elter et al. 1966), andesitic and lamprophyric dykes of the Sesia-Lanzo zone (Lanza 1977), andesitic cover of the Sesia-Lanzo Zone (Lanza 1979), volcanic-detrital sequence of Biella (Compagnoni et al. 1977), Cover Series of the Sesia Zone (Callegari et al. 2004), Biella Volcanic Suite (Kapferer et al. 2012, TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024), Biella volcanic-detritic series

Deutsch: Adula-Decke
Français: Nappe de l'Adula
Italiano: Falda dell'Adula
English: Adula Nappe

The Adula Nappe is a tectonic unit of the Eastern Lepontic (Ticino Culmination). It consists of a Paleozoic crystalline basement (orthogneisses, paragneisses and lenses of mafic and ultramafic rock) which experienced high-pressure Alpine metamorphism under eclogite-facies conditions. A reduced series of Mesozoic sediments is locally preserved in the cores of the synclines.

Adula = Rheinwaldhorn (GR)

Aduladecke (Kündig 1926a, Weber 1966), Aduladecke = Schieferunterlage der Schamserdecken (Wilhelm 1933), Aduladecken (Staub 1934), Falda Adula (Godenzi 1963), Ricoprimento Adula = complesso Adula (Bianconi 1971), falda Adula (Sciesa 1991), unità di basamento dell'Adula-Cima Lunga (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), Adula nappe (Partzsch & Meyre 1996, Cavargna-Sani 2013), Falda dell'Adula = Adula-Decke (Schenker, Bl. Osogna), Adula Nappe (TK500 / Gouffon et al. 2024)

Flyschs Tertiary Cretaceous of the Penninics

Deutsch: Prättigau-Schiefer
Français: Schistes du Prättigau
Italiano: Scisti del Prättigau
English: Prättigau Schists

Kretazische und alttertiäre Flyschsandsteine und «Bündnerschiefer» des Unterpenninikums im Prättigau (NE Fortsetzung des Valaisan-Troges).

Prättigau (GR)

flysch du Prätigau [sic] (Schardt 1893), Bündnerschiefer des Prätigau-Gebietes = Prätigauschiefer bzw. Prätigauflysch (Trümpy 1916, Rutsch et al. 1966), Prätigauflysch = Flysch der Margnadecke (Ott 1922), Prättigauschiefer (Häfner 1924, Nänny 1948), Prättigauer Schiefer (Nänny 1947), Prätigauschiefer (Allemann & Blaser 1951), Prätigauschiefer = Bündner-Schiefer (Gees 1954), Prättigauflysch (Trümpy 19--, Ibele & Behrmann 2007), Prättigauer Flysch, schistes du Prätigau (Trümpy 1970), Flysch del Prättigau (Sciesa 1991), Prättigau-Flysch (Allemann 2002), North Penninic Bündnerschiefer and Flysch of the Prättigau (Winkler 2024)

Deutsch: Pierre-Avoi-Schuppe
Français: Écaille de la Pierre Avoi
Italiano: Scaglia della Pierre Avoi
English: Pierre Avoi Slice

The Pierre Avoi Slice forms the internal part of the Sion-Courmayeur Nappe, above the Roignais-Versoyen Slice. It consists of a Paleogene mélange zone, whose material mostly comes from the overlying Zone Houillère as a result of early erosion.

Pierre Avoi (VS)

zone de Pierre-à-Voir [sic] (Lombard 1949), digitation de la Pierre Avoi (Zulauf 1963), unité de la Pierre Avoi (Burri et al. 1983, Jeanbourquin & Burri 1989, Bagnoud et al. 1998), subfalda di Pierre Avoi [sic] (Dal Piaz et al. 1992a), Pierre Avoi zone (Masson et al. 2008), Zone der Tarentaise (Fricker 1960), écailles subbriançonnaises (Bl. St-Léonard), Pierre Avoi Slice (TK500, Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Antrona-Decke
Français: Nappe d'Antrona
Italiano: Falda di Antrona
English: Antrona Nappe

The Antrona Nappe is an Upper Penninic tectonic unit made up of oceanic rocks with eclogitic relics (similar to the Zermatt-Saas Fee Nappe, except for the metacherts that are missing). Structurally, it is situated below the Monte Rosa Nappe, but above the Siviez-Mischabel Nappe and its probable extension in the Camughera Nappe. This peculiar position between two Middle Penninic units raises questions concerning its kinematic history and paleogeographic origin.

Antronapiana (Italia)

Antrona-Schieferstreifen (Gerlach 1869), Antrona-Synklinal (Gerlach 1880), branche d'Antrona (Argand 1911b), Muldenzone von Antrona = Antrona-Mulde (1952), Antrona-Mulde (Bearth 1956, Bearth 1957, Müller 1976), Mulde von Antrona (Bearth 1973), Zona di Antrona (Dal Piaz et al. 1992), nappe d'Antrona (Carrupt & Schlup 1998), Antrona ophiolitic nappe (Bill et al. 2001), Antrona unit (Keller et al. 2005), Antrona ophiolite nappe = Antrona unit (Steck et al. 2015), Antrona Nappe (TK500, Gouffon et al. 2024)

Deutsch: Gornergrat-Decke
Français: Nappe du Gornergrat
Italiano: Falda del Gornergrat
English: Gornergrat Nappe

The Gornergrat Nappe is a thin tectonic unit located at the contact between the Middle and Upper Penninic in the Val d’Anniviers, Zermatt Valley and Valtournanche. It is composed of a series of Briançonnais-type Permian–Triassic sediments overlain by Jurassic breccias and limestone and calcschists probably of Cretaceous age (hence quite similar to that of the Mont Fort Nappe).

Gornergrat (VS)

Trias des Gornergrates = Gornergrat-Zone (Bearth 1953), Trias des Gornergrates = Normale Triasbedeckung des Altkristallins der Monte Rosa Teildecke (Rutsch et al. 1966), Gornergrat complex (Steck et al. 1979), Gornergrat-Serie (Bl. Randa, Müller 1983), Gornergrat zone (Lacassin 1984), Gornergrat Zone (Rubatto & Gebauer 1999), Gornergrat unit (Froitzheim 2001, Engi 2001, Ellis et al. 2016), Gornergrat nappe (De Meyer 2007), Gornergrat nappe = Gornergrat unit (Steck et al. 2015), Gornergrat-Decke (Bl. Saas), Gornergrat Nappe (TK500, Gouffon et al. 2024)